KEGG   ENZYME: 1.1.1.431
Entry
EC 1.1.1.431                Enzyme                                 
Name
D-xylose reductase (NADPH);
XYL1 (gene name, ambiguous);
xyl1 (gene name, ambiguous);
xyrA (gene name);
xyrB (gene name)
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on the CH-OH group of donors;
With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
Sysname
xylitol:NADP+ oxidoreductase
Reaction(IUBMB)
xylitol + NADP+ = D-xylose + NADPH + H+ [RN:R01431]
Reaction(KEGG)
R01431
Substrate
xylitol [CPD:C00379];
NADP+ [CPD:C00006]
Product
D-xylose [CPD:C00181];
NADPH [CPD:C00005];
H+ [CPD:C00080]
Comment
Xylose reductases catalyse the reduction of xylose to xylitol, the initial reaction in the fungal D-xylose degradation pathway. Most of the enzymes exhibit a strict requirement for NADPH (e.g. the enzymes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma reesei, Candida tropicalis, Saitozyma flava, and Candida intermedia). Some D-xylose reductases have dual cosubstrate specificity, though they still prefer NADPH to NADH (cf. EC 1.1.1.307, D-xylose reductase [NAD(P)H]). Very rarely the enzyme prefers NADH (cf. EC 1.1.1.430, D-xylose reductase (NADH)).
History
EC 1.1.1.431 created 2022
Orthology
K17743  D-xylose reductase
K26066  D-xylose/L-arabinose reductase (NADPH)
Genes
SASA: 100196319(xyl1)
SCE: YHR104W(GRE3)
SEUB: DI49_2509
SPAO: SPAR_H01460
AGO: AGOS_ACL107C
ERC: Ecym_5508
KLA: KLLA0_E21627g
KMX: KLMA_10683(XYL1)
LTH: KLTH0F16610g
ZRO: ZYRO0A06336g
CGR: CAGL0I01122g
NCS: NCAS_0A06660(NCAS0A06660)
NDI: NDAI_0D01600(NDAI0D01600)
TPF: TPHA_0E01860(TPHA0E01860)
TBL: TBLA_0A00630(TBLA0A00630) TBLA_0F01720(TBLA0F01720)
TGB: HG536_0E00720
TDL: TDEL_0E02150(TDEL0E02150)
KAF: KAFR_0C05320(KAFR0C05320)
KNG: KNAG_0B03780(KNAG0B03780)
ZMK: HG535_0C03920
PPA: PAS_chr3_0744
DHA: DEHA2B00572g DEHA2E24244g DEHA2F13068g
PIC: PICST_89614(XYL1)
PGU: PGUG_00922 PGUG_02290 PGUG_05385
SPAA: SPAPADRAFT_61339(XYL1.2) SPAPADRAFT_61341(XYL1.1)
CAL: CAALFM_C502930CA(GRE3)
CTP: CTRG_05978 CTRG_05993
COT: CORT_0F01440
CDU: CD36_52690(XYRA)
CTEN: CANTEDRAFT_102630 CANTEDRAFT_95032
YLI: YALI0D07634g
CLU: CLUG_01135
CLUS: A9F13_09g01958
CAUR: CJI96_0001805 CJI96_0003286
SLB: AWJ20_3140(GRE3)
PKZ: C5L36_0B11990
BNN: FOA43_003071(XYL1)
BBRX: BRETT_005324(XYL1)
OPA: HPODL_00132 HPODL_01370
SLUD: SCDLUD_000181
NCR: NCU08384(xr)
NTE: NEUTE1DRAFT133088(NEUTE1DRAFT_133088)
SMP: SMAC_04649
PAN: PODANSg09635
PBEL: QC761_103840(xyl1)
PPSD: QC762_103840(xyl1)
PPSP: QC763_103840(xyl1)
PPSA: QC764_103840(xyl1)
TTT: THITE_2121064
MTM: MYCTH_43671
CTHR: CTHT_0056950
MGR: MGG_01404 MGG_03648
PPEI: PpBr36_00917 PpBr36_05674
PGRI: PgNI_00350 PgNI_04112
TMN: UCRPA7_3687 UCRPA7_6054 UCRPA7_6874
SSCK: SPSK_06315 SPSK_10284
FGR: FGSG_01523
FPU: FPSE_05024
FPOA: FPOAC1_001631(XYL1)
FVN: FVRRES_01841
FVR: FVEG_08194 FVEG_09602
FOX: FOXG_01819 FOXG_11189
NHE: NECHADRAFT_102983 NECHADRAFT_37143 NECHADRAFT_38020 NECHADRAFT_42050
FFC: NCS54_00032000 NCS54_00545600
FKR: NCS57_00030100 NCS57_00469500 NCS57_00583800
FMU: J7337_000363(XYL1_1) J7337_002765(XYL1_2)
TRE: TRIREDRAFT_107776(xyl1)
TRR: M419DRAFT_94809
MAJ: MAA_00542
PCHM: VFPPC_01147 VFPPC_01327
CMT: CCM_06357 CCM_08784
AMUS: LMH87_002846 LMH87_007757
PLJ: VFPFJ_06456 VFPFJ_08966
PTKZ: JDV02_009626
VAL: VDBG_00802 VDBG_03846 VDBG_06547
VDA: VDAG_00411 VDAG_01073 VDAG_05087
CFJ: CFIO01_01300 CFIO01_01602 CFIO01_09197 CFIO01_10020 CFIO01_11827
CLUP: CLUP02_07368 CLUP02_13788 CLUP02_15584
CHIG: CH63R_03776 CH63R_05876
SAPO: SAPIO_CDS7670 SAPIO_CDS9478
ELA: UCREL1_14 UCREL1_6453 UCREL1_8867
PFY: PFICI_01687 PFICI_04525 PFICI_05410 PFICI_06515 PFICI_07157 PFICI_10486
SSL: SS1G_05911
BFU: BCIN_05g01550
MBE: MBM_04242 MBM_09727
PSCO: LY89DRAFT_599386 LY89DRAFT_656415 LY89DRAFT_657917
GLZ: GLAREA_03723
ANI: ANIA_00423 ANIA_03312
AFM: AFUA_1G04820 AFUA_6G13830
ACT: ACLA_029850 ACLA_087030
NFI: NFIA_019940 NFIA_059700
AOR: AO090003000859 AO090103000359 AO090701000415
ANG: An01g03740(xyrA) An08g08480 An08g09360
AFV: AFLA_000817 AFLA_004930 AFLA_013173
ALUC: AKAW2_20539A(XYL1) AKAW2_51678S
ACHE: ACHE_10084A ACHE_50426S ACHE_50561S
APUU: APUU_10973S APUU_11638A(XYL1) APUU_60796S APUU_60916A
PCS: N7525_006115 N7525_010651 N7525_010789
PDP: PDIP_20350
POU: POX_e06956
TMF: EYB26_006490 EYB26_008282
TRG: TRUGW13939_00477 TRUGW13939_09110 TRUGW13939_09270
CIM: CIMG_04915
CPW: CPC735_069630
URE: UREG_06636
ABE: ARB_06141
TVE: TRV_03808
PNO: SNOG_12824
PTE: PTT_08729
BZE: COCCADRAFT_26499 COCCADRAFT_7101
BSC: COCSADRAFT_41505 COCSADRAFT_90781
BOR: COCMIDRAFT_103379 COCMIDRAFT_31692
AALT: CC77DRAFT_925768
ARAB: EKO05_0011455
ZTR: MYCGRDRAFT_31902 MYCGRDRAFT_56833
PFJ: MYCFIDRAFT_187110 MYCFIDRAFT_209507
FFU: CLAFUR5_06085 CLAFUR5_06716
CBET: CB0940_00153 CB0940_08334
BCOM: BAUCODRAFT_374705
NPA: UCRNP2_5371 UCRNP2_5917
TML: GSTUM_00005097001
CCAC: CcaHIS019_0108390(xyl1)
TVS: TRAVEDRAFT_161569 TRAVEDRAFT_68124
DSQ: DICSQDRAFT_152560 DICSQDRAFT_95722
PCO: PHACADRAFT_266555 PHACADRAFT_82194
SHS: STEHIDRAFT_117277 STEHIDRAFT_124813
HIR: HETIRDRAFT_59016
PSQ: PUNSTDRAFT_95399
ADL: AURDEDRAFT_181771
FME: FOMMEDRAFT_145959
GTR: GLOTRDRAFT_113068 GLOTRDRAFT_71965
RSX: RhiXN_11579
CCI: CC1G_12853
PCUB: JR316_0009805
MPR: MPER_01564
MRR: Moror_16424
MORE: E1B28_001457
SCM: SCHCO_02610865(SCHCODRAFT_02610865)
CPUT: CONPUDRAFT_96186
SLA: SERLADRAFT_455569
 » show all
Reference
1  [PMID:18553673]
  Authors
Bolen PL, Detroy RW.
  Title
Induction of NADPH-linked D-xylose reductase and NAD-linked xylitol dehydrogenase activities in Pachysolen tannophilus by D-xylose, L-arabinose, or D-galactose.
  Journal
Biotechnol Bioeng 27:302-7 (1985)
DOI:10.1002/bit.260270314
Reference
2  [PMID:16232468]
  Authors
Suzuki T, Yokoyama S, Kinoshita Y, Yamada H, Hatsu M, Takamizawa K, Kawai K.
  Title
Expression of xyrA gene encoding for D-Xylose reductase of Candida tropicalis and production of xylitol in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
J Biosci Bioeng 87:280-4 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/s1389-1723(99)80032-2
  Sequence
[ag:BAA19476]
Reference
3  [PMID:10548539]
  Authors
Nidetzky B, Mayr P, Hadwiger P, Stutz AE.
  Title
Binding energy and specificity in the catalytic mechanism of yeast aldose reductases.
  Journal
Biochem J 344 Pt 1:101-7 (1999)
Reference
4  [PMID:10681056]
  Authors
Mayr P, Bruggler K, Kulbe KD, Nidetzky B.
  Title
D-Xylose metabolism by Candida intermedia: isolation and characterisation of two forms of aldose reductase with different coenzyme specificities.
  Journal
J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 737:195-202 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/s0378-4347(99)00380-1
Reference
5  [PMID:11963895]
  Authors
Sene L, Felipe MG, Silva SS, Vitolo M.
  Title
Preliminary kinetic characterization of xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase extracted from Candida guilliermondii FTI 20037 cultivated in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate for xylitol production.
  Journal
Appl Biochem Biotechnol 91-93:671-80 (2001)
DOI:10.1385/abab:91-93:1-9:671
Reference
6  [PMID:11481678]
  Authors
Jeong EY, Sopher C, Kim IS, Lee H.
  Title
Mutational study of the role of tyrosine-49 in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae xylose reductase.
  Journal
Yeast 18:1081-9 (2001)
DOI:10.1002/yea.758
  Sequence
[sce:YHR104W]
Reference
7  [PMID:33666344]
  Authors
Chroumpi T, Peng M, Aguilar-Pontes MV, Muller A, Wang M, Yan J, Lipzen A, Ng V, Grigoriev IV, Makela MR, de Vries RP.
  Title
Revisiting a 'simple' fungal metabolic pathway reveals redundancy, complexity and diversity.
  Journal
Microb Biotechnol 14:2525-2537 (2021)
DOI:10.1111/1751-7915.13790
Reference
8  [PMID:33842213]
  Authors
Terebieniec A, Chroumpi T, Dilokpimol A, Aguilar-Pontes MV, Makela MR, de Vries RP.
  Title
Characterization of d-xylose reductase, XyrB, from Aspergillus niger.
  Journal
Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 30:e00610 (2021)
DOI:10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00610
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 1.1.1.431
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 1.1.1.431
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.1.1.431
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 1.1.1.431

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Chemical substance (5)   
   KEGG COMPOUND (5)   
Chemical reaction (2)   
   KEGG REACTION (1)   
   KEGG RCLASS (1)   
Gene (289)   
   KEGG ORTHOLOGY (2)   
   KEGG GENES (228)   
   KEGG MGENES (59)   
All databases (296)   

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