KEGG   ENZYME: 1.14.19.30
Entry
EC 1.14.19.30               Enzyme                                 
Name
acyl-lipid (8-3)-desaturase;
acyl-lipid 5-desaturase;
Delta5-fatty-acid desaturase;
DES5 (gene name);
D5des (gene name);
FADS1
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With oxidation of a pair of donors resulting in the reduction of O2 to two molecules of water
Sysname
Delta8 acyl-lipid,ferrocytochrome b5:oxygen oxidoreductase (5,6 cis-dehydrogenating)
Reaction(IUBMB)
(1) an (8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = a (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosatetra-5,8,11,14-tetraenoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O;
(2) an (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = a (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
Substrate
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-[glycerolipid];
ferrocytochrome b5 [CPD:C00999];
O2 [CPD:C00007];
H+ [CPD:C00080];
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-[glycerolipid]
Product
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosatetra-5,8,11,14-tetraenoyl-[glycerolipid];
ferricytochrome b5 [CPD:C00996];
H2O [CPD:C00001];
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-[glycerolipid]
Comment
The enzyme, which has been characterized from multiple organisms including the moss Physcomitrella patens, the marine microalga Rebecca salina, and the filamentous fungus Mortierella alpina, introduces a cis double bond at the 5-position in 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids incorporated in a glycerolipid that contain a Delta8 double bond. The enzyme contains a cytochrome b5 domain that acts as the direct electron donor to the active site of the desaturase, and does not require an external cytochrome.
History
EC 1.14.19.30 created 2015
Orthology
K21735  acyl-lipid (8-3)-desaturase
Genes
BCOO119084035
NVE5503278
EPA110240151 110242984
ATEN116299828
ADF107355022
AMIL114961435
PDAM113668000 113668001 113668004
SPIS111334515 111334524
TADTRIADDRAFT_61340
AQU100635567 100635771
SMOSELMODRAFT_235490 SELMODRAFT_236271
PPP112292540
CSLCOCSUDRAFT_52322
OLUOSTLU_88841
OTAOT_ostta12g02740
BPGBathy07g01750
MISMICPUN_55144
MPPMICPUCDRAFT_12703(JGI:MicpuC2_12703)
CCPCHC_T00008301001
DDIDDB_G0282147(fadB) DDB_G0285211(fadA) DDB_G0294553
DPPDICPUDRAFT_33259 DICPUDRAFT_39933 DICPUDRAFT_97022
DFADFA_03339 DFA_07000(fadA)
ACANACA1_057250
PTMGSPATT00004542001 GSPATT00037760001
NGDNGA_0209900
PIFPITG_01654
PSOJPHYSODRAFT_350624
SPARSPRG_02606
NGRNAEGRDRAFT_44229
 » show all
Reference
1  [PMID:9668087]
  Authors
Michaelson LV, Lazarus CM, Griffiths G, Napier JA, Stobart AK
  Title
Isolation of a Delta5-fatty acid desaturase gene from Mortierella alpina.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:19055-9 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.30.19055
Reference
2  [PMID:16728405]
  Authors
Kaewsuwan S, Cahoon EB, Perroud PF, Wiwat C, Panvisavas N, Quatrano RS, Cove DJ, Bunyapraphatsara N
  Title
Identification and functional characterization of the moss Physcomitrella patens delta5-desaturase gene involved in arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acid biosynthesis.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 281:21988-97 (2006)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M603022200
  Sequence
[ppp:112292540]
Reference
3  [PMID:17291553]
  Authors
Zhou XR, Robert SS, Petrie JR, Frampton DM, Mansour MP, Blackburn SI, Nichols PD, Green AG, Singh SP
  Title
Isolation and characterization of genes from the marine microalga Pavlova salina encoding three front-end desaturases involved in docosahexaenoic acid biosynthesis.
  Journal
Phytochemistry 68:785-96 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.12.016
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 1.14.19.30
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 1.14.19.30
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.14.19.30
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 1.14.19.30

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