KEGG   ENZYME: 1.14.19.44
Entry
EC 1.14.19.44               Enzyme                                 
Name
acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase;
FADS1 (gene name);
acyl-CoA 5-desaturase (methylene-interrupted)
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With oxidation of a pair of donors resulting in the reduction of O2 to two molecules of water
Sysname
Delta8-acyl-CoA,ferrocytochrome b5:oxygen oxidoreductase (5,6-cis-dehydrogenating)
Reaction(IUBMB)
(1) (8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = arachidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O [RN:R11059];
(2) (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O [RN:R11060]
Reaction(KEGG)
R11059 R11060;
(other) R12169
Substrate
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA [CPD:C03595];
ferrocytochrome b5 [CPD:C00999];
O2 [CPD:C00007];
H+ [CPD:C00080];
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA [CPD:C16164]
Product
arachidonoyl-CoA [CPD:C02249];
ferricytochrome b5 [CPD:C00996];
H2O [CPD:C00001];
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA [CPD:C16165]
Comment
The enzyme introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 of acyl-CoAs that contain a double bond at position 8. The enzymes from algae, mosses, mammals and the protozoan Leishmania major catalyse the desaturation of dihomo-gamma-linoleate [(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoate] and (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoate to generate arachidonate and (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoate, respectively. The enzyme contains a cytochrome b5 domain that acts as the direct electron donor to the desaturase active site and does not require an external cytochrome. cf. EC 1.14.19.37, acyl-CoA 5-desaturase.
History
EC 1.14.19.44 created 2015
Pathway
ec01040  Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids
Orthology
K10224  acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase (Delta-5 desaturase)
Genes
HSA3992(FADS1)
PTR451243(FADS1)
PPS100981162(FADS1)
GGO101136185(FADS1)
PON100436159(FADS1)
NLE100596120(FADS1)
HMH116468867(FADS1)
MCC722343(FADS1)
MCF101864778(FADS1)
MTHB126935470
MNI105469425(FADS1)
CSAB103234224(FADS1)
CATY105577579(FADS1)
PANU100126707(FADS1)
TGE112606126(FADS1)
MLEU105549021
RRO104679375(FADS1)
RBB108533599(FADS1)
TFN117080259(FADS1)
PTEH111524317(FADS1)
CANG105512288(FADS1)
CJC100389579(FADS1)
SBQ101052172(FADS1)
CIMI108286222(FADS1)
MMUR105878618(FADS1)
LCAT123641269(FADS1)
PCOQ105825052(FADS1)
OGA100954652(FADS1)
MMU76267(Fads1)
MCAL110285897(Fads1)
MPAH110322451(Fads1)
RNO84575(Fads1)
MCOC116103544(Fads1)
ANU117707570(Fads1)
MUN110548091(Fads1)
CGE100773095
MAUA101844332(Fads1)
PROB127228839(Fads1)
PLEU114703435(Fads1)
MORG121453877(Fads1)
MFOT126498525
AAMP119813303(Fads1)
NGI103729124(Fads1)
HGL101698014(Fads1)
CPOC100723348(Fads1)
CCAN109685566(Fads1)
DORD105995514(Fads1)
DSP122104887(Fads1)
PLOP125362341(Fads1)
NCAR124958643
MMMA107135906(Fads1)
OCU100342403
OPI101524219(FADS1)
TUP102500595(FADS1)
GVR103604811(FADS1)
CFA483793(FADS1)
CLUD112659419(FADS1)
VVP112911088(FADS1)
VLG121472259(FADS1)
NPO129500987(FADS1)
AML100472955(FADS1)
UMR103678230(FADS1)
UAH113246984(FADS1)
UAR123785000(FADS1)
ELK111149587
LLV125078519
MPUF101676081(FADS1)
MNP132020135(FADS1)
MLK131813747(FADS1)
NVS122912991(FADS1)
ORO101364825(FADS1)
EJU114220205(FADS1)
ZCA113914860(FADS1)
MLX118015924(FADS1)
NSU110576324(FADS1)
LWW102739160(FADS1)
FCA101083966(FADS1)
PYU121043898(FADS1)
PCOO112851878
PBG122483865(FADS1)
LRUF124505586
PTG102968608(FADS1)
PPAD109246555(FADS1)
PUC125911233
AJU106986968
HHV120246150(FADS1)
BTA533107(FADS1)
BOM102276098(FADS1)
BIU109554369(FADS1)
BBUB102405648(FADS1)
BBIS104998703(FADS1)
CHX102178247(FADS1)
OAS101109049(FADS1)
BTAX128069158(FADS1)
ODA120874548(FADS1)
CCAD122431165(FADS1)
MBEZ129548883(FADS1)
SSC444995(FADS1)
CFR102506763(FADS1)
CBAI105070110(FADS1)
CDK105094872(FADS1)
VPC102543424(FADS1)
BACU103008410(FADS1)
LVE103082696(FADS1)
OOR101275971(FADS1)
DLE111183884(FADS1)
PCAD102988776(FADS1)
PSIU116757880(FADS1)
NASI112402054(FADS1)
ECB102150261(FADS1)
EPZ103543089(FADS1)
EAI106847567(FADS1)
MYB102261592(FADS1)
MYD102773181(FADS1)
MMYO118649002(FADS1)
MNA107527686(FADS1)
PKL118707199(FADS1)
EFUS103303329(FADS1)
HAI109390020(FADS1)
DRO112317234(FADS1)
SHON118996919(FADS1)
AJM119043682(FADS1)
PDIC114499452(FADS1)
PHAS123829519(FADS1)
MMF118627540(FADS1)
RFQ117030354(FADS1)
PPAM129062750(FADS1)
PALE102894313(FADS1)
PGIG120600651(FADS1)
PVP105297785(FADS1)
RAY107501590(FADS1)
MJV108392394(FADS1)
TOD119231397 119250072(FADS1)
SARA101540344(FADS1)
LAV100677495
TMU101347278
ETF101661682(FADS1)
DNM101417194(FADS1)
MDO100028492(FADS1)
SHR100922163(FADS1)
AFZ127541864
PCW110195308(FADS1)
OAA103171425(FADS1)
GGA423119(FADS1L2) 423120(FADS1) 428851(FADS1L1)
PCOC116239003 116239007 116239016
MGP100549516 100549671 100549825(FADS1)
CJO107314410 107314438 107314472
TPAI128085508 128086867(FADS1)
LMUT125694681 125695384 125695385
NMEL110400732 110400736 110401255(FADS1)
APLA101789732 101799007(FADS1)
ACYG106033871 106044856 106044871
CATA118249736 118250732 118250781
AFUL116489595 116489696(FADS1) 116490009
TGU100225746(FADS1) 100228631 115495653
LSR110484927(FADS1) 110485021 110485022
SCAN103822124(FADS1) 103822125 103822228
PMOA120499563 120499565(FADS1) 120499600
OTC121339155(FADS1) 121339445 121339494
PRUF121354751(FADS1) 121354752 121354755
GFR102031677 102040395(FADS1) 102040846
FAB101809325 101809791(FADS1) 101813351
OMA130253517 130253520 130253580
PHI102101859 102112391(FADS1) 102112775
PMAJ107205341 107205403 107205404
CCAE111930634 111930636 111930637
CCW104697619 104697620 104697621
CBRC103614699 103614730(FADS1) 103614731
ETL114066084 114066085 114066089
ZAB102066550 102069423 102069595(FADS1)
ACHL103805394 103805395 103810955
SVG106854655 106854716 106854757(FADS1)
MMEA130580092 130580094 130580095
HRT120753727 120753733 120753741
FPG101910435 101912001(FADS1) 106112851
FCH102049758(FADS1) 106631119
CLV102094615 102098315(FADS1) 102098790
EGZ104124680 104124682 104124699
NNI104009395 104009483(FADS1) 104009484
PCRI104023942 104036418 104037506
PLET104619104 104627919 104627920
EHS104502732 104504142 104505341
PCAO104045549 104048901 104051707(FADS1)
ACUN113481253 113481341 113481355(FADS1)
TALA104363221 104368248 104368249(FADS1)
PADL103925784 103925826 103925828(FADS1)
AFOR103905063 103905173 103907211(FADS1)
ACHC115351609 115352165 115352167
HALD104313152 104313153 104322733
HLE104829426(FADS1) 104829427 104829570
AGEN126047207 126047208 126047316
GCL127016483 127016609 127016776
CCRI104162789 104162790 104166166
CSTI104554377 104554378 104562342
CMAC104473140 104477798 104477799
MUI104538638 104538639 104538640
BREG104637184 104637185 104637186
FGA104069286 104070764
GSTE104253491 104253492 104261229
LDI104349394 104351594 104351595
MNB103769636 103781635 103781636
OHA104339400 104339408(FADS1)
NNT104399813 104412620
SHAB115606142 115606143 115606144 115607758
DPUB104304412 104304440 104304441(FADS1)
PGUU104463039 104471831 104471841
ACAR104525757 104525765 104525775
CPEA104397472 104397492 104397493(FADS1)
AVIT104267243 104269712 104274326
CVF104287519(FADS1) 104287521 104287566
RTD128908718 128908780 128909505
CUCA104062395 104062401(FADS1) 104062546
TEO104374175 104382106 104382107
BRHI104491024 104492898 104499051
AAM106490039 106490040 106490045(FADS1)
AROW112978023(FADS1) 112978027 112978037
NPD112948005(FADS1) 112948043 112948044
TGT104570057 104571492 104571495
DNE112991679 112991686 112991696(FADS1)
SCAM104139316 104139318
ASN102378297 102382011 102382251 102382503 102382756 102386118 102387601 102388109
AMJ102563927 102564163 102564392 102564994 102565222(FADS1) 102574216 106737005
CPOO109318130 109318222
GGN109298190
PSS102460779 102461025
CMY102932384 102932824 102933055
CCAY125639126 125639127 125639129
DCC119856947 119857371 119857443
CPIC101936861(FADS1) 101937159
TST117876524 117877424
CABI116827619 116828643 116830901(FADS1)
MRV120403578 120403579 120403581 120403991
ACS100551618(fads1) 100555351 100555547 100555740 100555937
ASAO132763112 132771973 132771980 132771987 132771996
PVT110086171 110086173 110086190 110086192(FADS1) 110086194 110086197
SUND121926305 121930479 121930494 121930500 121930504
PBI103050792(FADS1) 103053493 103065518
PMUR107287991 107291623 107291625 107291626 107291627 107291628 107291629 107291630 107295117
CTIG120312436 120312437 120312438 120312441 120312442 120312443 120312444 120312445 120312447 120312448 120312449
TSR106538435(FADS1) 106539606 106554505
PGUT117667020 117667022 117667025 117667027 117667030
APRI131184355 131184372 131184402 131184417 131184426 131184433 131185706 131185771
PTEX113440356 113449138 113449140 113449142
NSS113421941 113421942 113421943 113424550
VKO123021210 123021212 123021213 123021347 123021348
PMUA114584095 114584100 114600543 114600551 114600556 114600565
PRAF128417621 128417631 128417642 128417672 128417692
ZVI118089033 118089041 118089045 118089057 118089062
HCG128324944 128334826 128338638 128339229 128339344 128339393 128340181 128340182 128350825
GJA107108850 107108852(FADS1) 107121912 107121913 107121914
STOW125426611 125426612 125427059 125427338 125427467 125427539
EMC129324105 129324107 129324175 129324182 129324322 129324937 129325027
XLA108713836(fads1.L) 108715199(fads1.S)
XTR100489232(fads1)
NPR108794178(FADS1)
RTEM120917259(FADS1)
BBUF120981188(FADS1)
BGAR122920198(FADS1)
MUO115468973(FADS1)
GSH117352173(FADS1)
AANG118215203
LOC102691516(fads1)
PSPA121330344
PSEX120535962
LCM102350226(FADS1)
CMK103174860
RTP109937249
CPLA122557874
HOC132824406
LERI129705772
PMRN116958593(FADS1)
LRJ133359973
AJC117125539
ATD109598043
LGILOTGIDRAFT_170234
PCAN112557826
GTTGUITHDRAFT_104142
 » show all
Reference
1  [PMID:10601301]
  Authors
Cho HP, Nakamura M, Clarke SD
  Title
Cloning, expression, and fatty acid regulation of the human delta-5 desaturase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 274:37335-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.274.52.37335
  Sequence
[hsa:3992]
Reference
2  [PMID:10769175]
  Authors
Leonard AE, Kelder B, Bobik EG, Chuang LT, Parker-Barnes JM, Thurmond JM, Kroeger PE, Kopchick JJ, Huang YS, Mukerji P
  Title
cDNA cloning and characterization of human Delta5-desaturase involved in the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid.
  Journal
Biochem J 347 Pt 3:719-24 (2000)
  Sequence
[hsa:3992]
Reference
3  [PMID:16403015]
  Authors
Tripodi KE, Buttigliero LV, Altabe SG, Uttaro AD
  Title
Functional characterization of front-end desaturases from trypanosomatids depicts the first polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway from a parasitic protozoan.
  Journal
FEBS J 273:271-80 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.05049.x
Reference
4  [PMID:21193673]
  Authors
Tavares S, Grotkjaer T, Obsen T, Haslam RP, Napier JA, Gunnarsson N
  Title
Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for production of Eicosapentaenoic Acid, using a novel {Delta}5-Desaturase from Paramecium tetraurelia.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 77:1854-61 (2011)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.01935-10
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 1.14.19.44
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 1.14.19.44
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.14.19.44
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 1.14.19.44

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