KEGG ENZYME: 1.3.5.5

ENZYME: 1.3.5.5

Entry

EC 1.3.5.5                  Enzyme

Name

15-cis-phytoene desaturase;
phytoene desaturase (ambiguous);
PDS;
plant-type phytoene desaturase

Class

Oxidoreductases;
Acting on the CH-CH group of donors;
With a quinone or related compound as acceptor

Sysname

15-cis-phytoene:plastoquinone oxidoreductase

Reaction(IUBMB)

15-cis-phytoene + 2 plastoquinone = 9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene + 2 plastoquinol (overall reaction) [RN:R09652];
(1a) 15-cis-phytoene + plastoquinone = 15,9'-dicis-phytofluene + plastoquinol [RN:R09653];
(1b) 15,9'-dicis-phytofluene + plastoquinone = 9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene + plastoquinol [RN:R09654]

Reaction(KEGG)

R09652 R09653 R09654;
(other) R04786 R04787

Substrate

15-cis-phytoene [CPD:C05421];
plastoquinone [CPD:C02061];
15,9'-dicis-phytofluene [CPD:C19765]

Product

9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene [CPD:C19764];
plastoquinol [CPD:C16693];
15,9'-dicis-phytofluene [CPD:C19765]

Comment

This enzyme is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria. The enzyme from Synechococcus can also use NAD+ and NADP+ as electron acceptor under anaerobic conditions. The enzyme from Gentiana lutea shows no activity with NAD+ or NADP+ [1].

History

EC 1.3.5.5 created 2011

Pathway

ec00906

Carotenoid biosynthesis

ec01100

Metabolic pathways

ec01110

Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites

Orthology

K02293

15-cis-phytoene desaturase

Genes

ATH:	AT4G14210(PDS3)

ALY:

9306401

CRB:

17878253

CSAT:

104719032 104723803 104732250

EUS:	EUTSA_v10024795mg

BRP:	103835193 103863556(PDS)

BNA:	106361559 106390766 106439724 106445763

BOE:	106336235 106342038

RSZ:	108818861 108837634 108848374

THJ:

104822231

CPAP:

110807915

CIT:	102577966(CitPDS)

PVY:

116106846

MINC:

123220978

TCC:

18602597

GRA:

105777064

GHI:	107902032 107914777

GAB:

108464199

HSYR:

120139731

DZI:

111307810

EGR:

104414241

GMX:	100127420 547970(PDS1)

GSJ:	114382350 114394421

PVU:	PHAVU_001G264200g

VRA:

106778315

VAR:

108318944

VUN:

114194529

VUM:

124820616

CCAJ:

109797685

APRC:

113851561

MTR:

11432737

TPRA:

123905480

CAM:

101499699

PSAT:

127083148

VVO:	131661553 131661559

LJA:	Lj0g3v0087419.1(Lj0g3v0087419.1) Lj0g3v0087419.2(Lj0g3v0087419.2) Lj0g3v0087419.3(Lj0g3v0087419.3) Lj0g3v0087419.4(Lj0g3v0087419.4) Lj0g3v0087419.5(Lj0g3v0087419.5)

ADU:

107482407

AIP:

107638266

AHF:	112740925 112795647

LANG:

109327051 109344116

PCIN:

129308598

QSA:	O6P43_002569

FVE:

101297926

RCN:

112198323

PPER:

18788299

PMUM:

103322563

PAVI:

110747173

PDUL:

117635990

MDM:

103400619

MSYL:

126618887

PXB:

103960366

ZJU:

107422207

MNT:

21393372

CSAV:

115722384

CSV:

101209155

CMO:

103494596

BHJ:

120085447

MCHA:

111025543

CMAX:

111470788 111479159

CMOS:

111439193 111457519

CPEP:

111790786 111800496

RCU:

8280960

JCU:

105639092

HBR:

110672897

MESC:

110615521

POP:	7462030 7462440

PEU:

105107692

PALZ:

118040701

JRE:

108996675

CILL:

122315337

CAVE:

132177412

QSU:	111992705 112031551

QLO:

115949670

TWL:	119987623 120005757

VVI:	100240685(PDS1)

VRI:

117922015

SLY:	544073(pds)

SPEN:

107014359

SOT:	102577582(PDS)

SSTN:

125857795

SDUL:

129893936

CANN:

107861625

LBB:

132633568

NTA:	107788963 107816873

NSY:

104248773

NTO:

104107035

NAU:

109223965

INI:

109192580

ITR:

115996903

SIND:

105157894 105174760

OEU:

111400390

EGT:

105975735

SSPL:

121794128 121801249

SMIL:

131005756

SHIS:

125208168

APAN:

127262879

HAN:

110913080

ECAD:

122588872

LSV:

111915314

CCAV:

112510531

DCR:

108222758

CSIN:

114306113

RVL:

131309333

AEW:

130762645

BVG:

104899658

SOE:

110787181

CQI:	110688003 110726682

ATRI:

130827296

MOF:

131166562

NNU:

104589429

MING:

122071327

TSS:

122650120

PSOM:

113339774 113340075

OSA:

4331854

DOSA:

Os03t0184000-00(Os03g0184000)

OBR:

102713335

OGL:

127768142

BDI:	100830664(PDS)

ATS:

109735159

TDC:	119284513 119291676

TAES:

100037655 123084692 123098691

TUA:

125538842

LPER:

127296996

LRD:	124692543 124701610

SBI:

110436156

ZMA:

542329

SITA:

101771481

SVS:

117835062

PVIR:

120647077 120689688

PHAI:

112878203

PDA:

103705191

EGU:

105056650

MUS:	103973843(PDS)

ZOF:	122042317 122046833

DCT:

110108194

PEQ:

110028688

AOF:

109848301

MSIN:

131226789

NCOL:

116257475

ATR:

18427456

SMO:	SELMODRAFT_232430 SELMODRAFT_269459

PPP:

112274368

CRE:	CHLRE_12g509650v5

VCN:	VOLCADRAFT_88495

MNG:

MNEG_8557

CVR:	CHLNCDRAFT_34420

APRO:

F751_0480

OLU:	OSTLU_38345 OSTLU_47627(AOX5)

OTA:	OT_ostta10g02860 OT_ostta16g00590

BPG:	Bathy11g01800 Bathy11g03090

MIS:	MICPUN_104873(PDS1) MICPUN_96647(PDS2)

MPP:	MICPUCDRAFT_12341(JGI:MicpuC2_12341) MICPUCDRAFT_49039(PSD2)

CME:	CYME_CMK151C

CCP:	CHC_T00009492001

SMIN:

v1.2.025723.t1(symbB.v1.2.025723.t1)

PTI:	PHATRDRAFT_45735(PDS1) PHATRDRAFT_55102(PDS2)

FCY:	FRACYDRAFT_260963(PDH2) FRACYDRAFT_274501

TPS:	THAPSDRAFT_1383(PDS1) THAPSDRAFT_23291

AAF:	AURANDRAFT_10705 AURANDRAFT_70771

EHX:	EMIHUDRAFT_430592 EMIHUDRAFT_74977

GTT:	GUITHDRAFT_85858

DAL:

Dalk_4051

BCO:	Bcell_1764

BCOH:

BC6307_11215

ASED:

IRT44_12190

CTHU:

HUR95_10720

BBEV:

BBEV_1351

BSE:

Bsel_2224

ALKG:

MOJ78_11380

DOM:	RRU94_00030

PUK:	PU629_14850

ESI:

Exig_2022

BBE:	BBR47_19760

BFM:	BP422_05030

BAGR:

BA6348_19170

BCHS:

JNE38_10480

BCOP:

JD108_14595

BPAB:

PSE45_09775

BAYD:

BSPP4475_13310

BBOR:

RFB14_17030

BRUM:

NDK47_17400

PMS:	KNP414_07417

PMQ:	PM3016_6970

PBV:	AR543_01825

PHK:	SK066_22330

ANX:	ACH33_03330

ASOC:

CB4_00988(pds)

ATHE:

K3F53_15590

SACA:

FFV09_09570

SYN:	slr1254(pds)

SYZ:	MYO_112820(pds)

SYY:	SYNGTS_1271(pds)

SYT:	SYNGTI_1271(pds)

SYS:	SYNPCCN_1270(pds)

SYQ:	SYNPCCP_1270(pds)

SYJ:	D082_22590(pds)

SYO:	C7I86_06580(pds)

SYC:	syc2113_c(pds)

SYU:	M744_06505

SYF:	Synpcc7942_1983

SYD:	Syncc9605_2395

SYE:	Syncc9902_0298

SYG:

sync_2608

SYR:	SynRCC307_0238(crtD)

SYX:	SynWH7803_2273(crtD)

CYA:	CYA_0316(pds)

CYB:	CYB_1694(pds)

SYNE:

Syn6312_1665

SYNP:

Syn7502_02248

SYNK:

KR100_14820

SYNR:

KR49_07565

SYND:

KR52_04115

SYH:	Syncc8109_2504(crtD)

SYNW:

SynWH8103_02594(pds)

SYNC:

CB0101_14680(pds)

SYNY:

BM449_04420

DSL:	Dacsa_1459

SYW:	SYNW2257(crtD)

CGC:	Cyagr_2890

CYI:	CBM981_3153(pds)

PMA:	Pro_0167(pds)

PMM:	PMM0144(pds)

PMT:

PMT_2004

PMN:	PMN2A_1510

PMI:	PMT9312_0146

PMB:	A9601_01611(pds)

PMC:	P9515_01721(pds)

PMF:	P9303_26651(pds)

PMG:	P9301_01631(pds)

PMH:	P9215_01611(pds)

PMJ:	P9211_01591(pds)

PME:	NATL1_02161(pds)

PRC:

EW14_0186

PRM:

EW15_0231

WNA:	KA717_26965(pds)

CMP:	Cha6605_4759

CYN:	Cyan7425_4188

CEP:	Cri9333_2890

TVN:	NIES2134_114780(pds)

SLW:	BRW62_02990

AMR:	AM1_4826(crtP)

TEL:	tll1561(pds)

THN:	NK55_04445(crtP)

THEC:

FFX45_10010(pds)

TSZ:	OOK60_08630(pds)

LEN:	LEP3755_22460

LET:	O77CONTIG1_00579(pds_1)

LBO:	LBWT_53250

KOV:	K9N68_01195(pds)

LSC:	KIK02_13675(pds)

LSK:	J5X98_03400(pds)

HHG:	XM38_038830

PSEU:

Pse7367_2695

PSER:

ABRG53_3627(pds)

PGX:	OA858_21985(pds)

THEU:

HPC62_14805(pds)

TOG:	HNI00_17690(pds)

TSIN:

OXH18_00845(pds)

CHON:

NIES4102_28500

GDU:	P0S91_20520(pds)

GEN:	GM3709_531

GEE:	GM3708_3217

CAN:	Cyan10605_0874

CSN:	Cyast_1865

CYL:	AA637_04015(crtP)

SYP:	SYNPCC7002_A1935(crtP)

SYV:	AWQ23_09720

SYL:	AWQ21_08905

LEP:	Lepto7376_2525

SYNN:

NIES970_22330(crtP)

MAR:	MAE_12930(pds)

MIQ:	B5D77_13835

MVZ:	myaer102_47020(pds)

HAO:	PCC7418_3680

ENN:	FRE64_16100(pds)

CYU:	UCYN_01070

CYT:

cce_3754

CWA:	CwatDRAFT_0947

CYP:	PCC8801_0308

CYH:	Cyan8802_0308

CYC:	PCC7424_1157

CYJ:	Cyan7822_1223

TER:

Tery_4011

ARP:	NIES39_C00940(crtP)

PAGH:

NIES204_23570(crtP)

PPSU:

NO713_04487(pds)

PRUN:

PCC7821_02839(pds)

OXY:	HCG48_09995(pds)

MVAG:

D0A34_24655(pds)

LFS:	HFV01_12450(pds)

OAC:	Oscil6304_1226

ONI:	Osc7112_5867

MPRO:

BJP34_19440

PHOR:

JWS08_02695(pds)

PYH:	NEA10_09175(pds)

MIC:	Mic7113_2705

GEI:	GEI7407_1139

ANA:	alr1832(pds)

NPU:	Npun_R2772

NOS:	Nos7107_4144

NOP:	Nos7524_4713

NON:	NOS3756_19130(pds)

NFL:	COO91_04679

NOE:	CLI64_05545(pds)

NSH:

GXM_04860

NED:	HUN01_16250(pds)

NPZ:	ACX27_02310

AVA:

Ava_4795

NAZ:

Aazo_2875

ANB:	ANA_C20304(crtP)

ACY:	Anacy_3875

AWA:	AA650_04095

ANN:	EH233_12195(pds)

CSG:	Cylst_3130

RSIN:

B6N60_01723

HBQ:	QI031_03120(pds)

CALO:

Cal7507_3633

CALT:

Cal6303_5614

CALH:

IJ00_15390

CALN:

NIES2098_62970

RIV:	Riv7116_4191

FIS:	FIS3754_40470

NSPH:

BDGGKGIB_01293(pds_1)

DOU:	BMF77_02865(pds_2)

DFS:	HGD76_21915(pds)

DHT:	NG743_16720(pds)

CCUR:

IAR63_05380(pds)

CRK:	L3I90_06365(pds)

AFLO:

HEQ12_15805(pds)

STOQ:

K2F26_13975(pds)

AEE:	IM676_02165(pds)

RCS:	NIES932_16710(pds)

TOQ:	HCG51_26170(pds)

ALAX:

NIES50_64370

NCN:	BZZ01_24125

CTHE:

Chro_0494

PLP:	Ple7327_0167

SCS:	Sta7437_3291

STAN:

STA3757_36360

GLT:	GlitD10_1307(crtP)

GCY:	LQF76_12090(pds)

CEO:

ETSB_0715

CER:	RGRSB_0674

CEEC:

P3F56_03465(pds)

CAU:

Caur_2352

CHL:	Chy400_2535

CAG:

Cagg_3041

VAB:

WPS_26320

OTE:

Oter_4135

CTM:	Cabther_A0039 Cabther_A0268 Cabther_A2116

CVL:	J8C06_00190 J8C06_08910 J8C06_10845

CHLO:

J8C02_00185 J8C02_01310 J8C02_10400

CTE:

CT0807

CPC:

Cpar_0836

CLZ:	BIU88_07080

CCH:

Cag_1188

CPH:	Cpha266_1173

CPB:	Cphamn1_1181

CLI:

Clim_0877

PVI:

Cvib_1032

PLT:

Plut_1283

PPH:

Ppha_1176

PAA:

Paes_0884

PROC:

Ptc2401_00978(pds_2)

PROS:

CHL67_06780

PROW:

OO006_05355

PROI:

OO005_04905

CTS:

Ctha_1159

NALL:

PP769_18235

NNEO:

PQG83_09340

NIW:	Nisw_08580

NCT:

NMSP_0950

» show all

Reference

1 [PMID:11714315]

Authors

Breitenbach J, Zhu C, Sandmann G

Title

Bleaching herbicide norflurazon inhibits phytoene desaturase by competition with the cofactors.

Journal

J Agric Food Chem 49:5270-2 (2001)
DOI:10.1021/jf0106751

Reference

2 [PMID:9226712]

Authors

Schneider C, Boger P, Sandmann G

Title

Phytoene desaturase: heterologous expression in an active state, purification, and biochemical properties.

Journal

Protein Expr Purif 10:175-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1006/prep.1997.0730

Sequence

[syf:Synpcc7942_1983]

Reference

3 [PMID:8489496]

Authors

Fraser PD, Linden H, Sandmann G

Title

Purification and reactivation of recombinant Synechococcus phytoene desaturase from an overexpressing strain of Escherichia coli.

Journal

Biochem J 291 ( Pt 3):687-92 (1993)
DOI:10.1042/bj2910687

Reference

4 [PMID:15503129]

Authors

Breitenbach J, Sandmann G

Title

zeta-Carotene cis isomers as products and substrates in the plant poly-cis carotenoid biosynthetic pathway to lycopene.

Journal

Planta 220:785-93 (2005)
DOI:10.1007/s00425-004-1395-2

Sequence

[cann:107861625]

Other DBs

ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database:

1.3.5.5

IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature:

1.3.5.5

ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database:

1.3.5.5

BRENDA, the Enzyme Database:

1.3.5.5

DBGET integrated database retrieval system