Entry
Name
thioredoxin:protein disulfide reductase;
dsbD (gene name);
dipZ (gene name)
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on a sulfur group of donors;
With a disulfide as acceptor
BRITE hierarchy
Sysname
thioredoxin:protein disulfide oxidoreductase (dithiol-forming)
Reaction(IUBMB)
a [protein] with reduced L-cysteine residues + thioredoxin disulfide = a [protein] carrying a disulfide bond + thioredoxin (overall reaction);
(1a) a [thioredoxin:protein disulfide reductase] with reduced L-cysteine residues + thioredoxin disulfide = a [thioredoxin:protein disulfide reductase] carrying a disulfide bond + thioredoxin;
(1b) a [thioredoxin:protein disulfide reductase] carrying a disulfide bond + a [protein] with reduced L-cysteine residues = a [thioredoxin:protein disulfide reductase] with reduced L-cysteine residues + a [protein] carrying a disulfide bond
Substrate
[protein] with reduced L-cysteine residues;
thioredoxin disulfide [CPD:
C00343 ];
[thioredoxin:protein disulfide reductase] with reduced L-cysteine residues;
[thioredoxin:protein disulfide reductase] carrying a disulfide bond
Product
[protein] carrying a disulfide bond;
thioredoxin [CPD:
C00342 ];
[thioredoxin:protein disulfide reductase] carrying a disulfide bond;
[thioredoxin:protein disulfide reductase] with reduced L-cysteine residues
Comment
The DsbD protein is found in Gram-negative bacteria and transfers electrons from cytoplasmic thioredoxin to the periplasmic substrate proteins DsbC, DsbG and CcmG, reducing disulfide bonds in the target proteins to dithiols. NrdH redoxins, which are found in Gram-positive bacteria, catalyse a similar reaction.
History
EC 1.8.4.16 created 2019, modified 2023
Orthology
K04084 thioredoxin:protein disulfide reductase
Genes
ECOO : ECRM13514_5400(dipZ)
ECOH : ECRM13516_5211(dipZ)
ELR : ECO55CA74_23800(dipZ)
ECW : EcE24377A_4691(dsbD)
ECOA : APECO78_01620(dipZ)
EDJ : ECDH1ME8569_3994(dipZ)
ECOI : ECOPMV1_04596(dsbD)
SEM : STMDT12_C44550(dipZ)
SETC : CFSAN001921_18800(dipZ)
SEEN : SE451236_04650(dipZ)
SENH : CFSAN002069_10470(dipZ)
SEEH : SEEH1578_07800(dipZ)
SENJ : CFSAN001992_12240(dipZ)
SEEC : CFSAN002050_05025(dipZ)
SEEB : SEEB0189_020755(dipZ)
SENC : SEET0819_05485(dipZ)
REE : electrica_04675(dsbD_2)
RTG : NCTC13098_06748(dsbD_2)
CLAP : NCTC11466_04175(dsbD_2)
KIE : NCTC12125_03346(dsbD_2)
METY : MRY16398_51310(dipZ)
PSHI : SAMEA2665130_2772(dsbD)
PSGC : G163CM_31590(dsbD_1)
YPG : YpAngola_A0728(dsbD)
YPI : YpsIP31758_3681(dsbD)
SMW : SMWW4_v1c03440(dsbD)
SERS : SERRSCBI_01550(dipZ)
SFJ : SAMEA4384070_0421(dsbD_1)
SOF : NCTC11214_01205(dsbD_1)
SERA : Ser39006_022395(dipZ)
PES : SOPEG_0726(dipZ1) SOPEG_1080(dipZ2)
EPE : CI789_05795 CI789_16325(dipZ)
TPTY : NCTC11468_03302(dsbD)
ANS : ArsFIN_38520(dsbD_2)
LRI : NCTC12151_03184(dsbD_2)
HIC : NTHIC486_00097(dsbD)
HPIT : NCTC13334_00068(dsbD)
HHZ : NCTC10839_00890(dsbD)
HAEG : NCTC8502_00118(dsbD_1)
PDAG : 4362423_00426(dipZ)
ADP : NCTC12871_00227(dipZ)
ALIG : NCTC10568_01681(dsbD)
ASEG : NCTC10977_01906(dsbD)
AVT : NCTC3438_01087(dsbD)
PAET : NCTC13378_01185(dipZ)
LCAS : LYSCAS_16520(dsbD2)
VAU : VANGNB10_cI2454(dsbD?)
VCY : IX92_14880 IX92_17310
VCT : JV59_21760 JV59_38120
VTU : IX91_00980 IX91_22155
VEU : IXK98_05695(dsbD) IXK98_09670
VAQ : FIV01_13535(dsbD1) FIV01_19090(dsbD2)
VPL : SA104470976_00135(dipZ)
VNP : KW548_03235 KW548_21580(dsbD)
VLE : ISX51_02885 ISX51_23670(dsbD)
PAEV : N297_2549 N297_5015
PAEI : N296_2549 N296_5015
PAU : PA14_32590(dipZ2) PA14_64080(dipZ)
PAP : PSPA7_2760 PSPA7_5565(dipZ)
PAG : PLES_28181 PLES_52301(dipZ)
PAF : PAM18_2561 PAM18_4956(dipZ)
PNC : NCGM2_0683(dipZ) NCGM2_3480(dipZ2)
PAEB : NCGM1900_4052(dipZ2) NCGM1900_5584(dipZ)
PDK : PADK2_12855 PADK2_25710(dipZ)
PSG : G655_12640 G655_25555(dipZ)
PRP : M062_12890 M062_25570
PAEP : PA1S_13250 PA1S_26330
PAER : PA1R_gp0274 PA1R_gp2767
PAEM : U769_12835 U769_26585
PAEL : T223_14455 T223_26780
PAES : SCV20265_2832 SCV20265_5504
PAEG : AI22_07670 AI22_20665
PAEC : M802_2546 M802_5013
PALC : A0T30_06495 A0T30_13775
PPAA : B7D75_12795 B7D75_25215
PPU : PP_0561(dsbD-I) PP_4235(dsbD-II)
PPG : PputGB1_0606 PputGB1_3801
PPW : PputW619_3559 PputW619_4604
PPB : PPUBIRD1_0611(dipZ) PPUBIRD1_1618(dsbD)
PPX : T1E_3729(dipZ) T1E_5177
PPUH : B479_03315(dipZ) B479_18050
PPUT : L483_02935 L483_23505
PPUN : PP4_06330(dipZ) PP4_15310(dsbD)
PPUD : DW66_0576 DW66_4071
PMON : X969_01230 X969_17375
PMOT : X970_01220 X970_17025
PPJ : RK21_00869 RK21_04444
PMOL : CLJ08_09115 CLJ08_21115
PALD : LU682_002980 LU682_008920(dsbD)
PIX : RIN61_03215(dsbD) RIN61_14715
PMOS : O165_004270 O165_019405
PVD : CFBP1590_0872(dsbD1)
PPRC : PFLCHA0_c42430(dsbD)
PFO : Pfl01_0621 Pfl01_3936(dsbD)
PMAN : OU5_1486(dsbD) OU5_2831
PMUD : NCTC8068_01886(dsbD)
PFW : PF1751_v1c38780(dsbD)
PEN : PSEEN1818(dsbD-2) PSEEN4854(dsbD-1)
PPUU : PputUW4_00555(dsbD1) PputUW4_01495(dsbD2)
PSV : PVLB_16485 PVLB_22215(dipZ)
PCH : EY04_02670 EY04_21200
PCP : JM49_10010 JM49_27040
PCHP : C4K32_0728 C4K32_4353
PFZ : AV641_08535 AV641_20315
PALK : PSAKL28_36370 PSAKL28_47140
PSW : LK03_08570 LK03_20020
PPV : NJ69_10545 NJ69_21865
PSES : PSCI_2431(dipZ) PSCI_2990(dsbD-2)
PSEC : CCOS191_0754(dsbD1) CCOS191_3662(dsbD2)
PPSY : AOC04_05185 AOC04_17655
PFK : PFAS1_02875 PFAS1_08010
PSET : THL1_2711 THL1_5130
PSIL : PMA3_02575 PMA3_07275
PALL : UYA_03475 UYA_21295
PUM : HGP31_03370 HGP31_22450(dsbD)
PGG : FX982_00123 FX982_02113
PPSH : G5J76_00315 G5J76_11920(dsbD)
PGY : AWU82_00275 AWU82_04825
PSEJ : HNQ25_05890(dsbD) HNQ25_20695(dsbD)
PEZ : HWQ56_03200(dsbD) HWQ56_27830(dsbD)
PKH : JLK41_03670 JLK41_20795(dsbD)
PDW : BV82_1013(dsbD) BV82_2868
PTRT : HU722_0020585(dsbD)
PXA : KSS93_05045 KSS93_20950(dsbD)
PQI : KH389_02900 KH389_09075(dsbD)
PXN : HU772_016515(dsbD) HU772_021900
PPRG : HU725_015340(dsbD) HU725_020050
PANH : HU763_002960 HU763_016420(dsbD)
PFAK : KSS94_18425(dsbD) KSS94_23885
PMUY : KSS95_05920 KSS95_11170(dsbD)
PMAM : KSS90_03525 KSS90_08645(dsbD)
PAZE : KSS91_03645 KSS91_08410(dsbD)
PORY : EJA05_19560(dsbD) EJA05_25015
PTK : EXN22_04485 EXN22_09835(dsbD)
PTW : TUM18999_54080(dsbD)
PWY : HU734_003950 HU734_008975(dsbD)
PTAE : NCTC10697_01639(dsbD) NCTC10697_03977(dsbD1)
PJU : L1P09_02705 L1P09_16775(dsbD)
PPHN : HU825_01425 HU825_17060(dsbD)
PIZ : LAB08_R05800 LAB08_R42810(dsbD)
PSIH : LOY51_18915(dsbD) LOY51_23840
PFIT : KJY40_04185 KJY40_20340(dsbD)
PASI : LG197_07995 LG197_24845(dsbD)
PKM : PZ739_02915 PZ739_19695(dsbD)
PNB : NK667_04995(dsbD) NK667_24020
PTAI : ICN73_03655 ICN73_24590(dsbD)
PKK : QQ992_03145 QQ992_19520(dsbD)
PHOM : KJF94_17560(dsbD) KJF94_29755
PCUC : PSH97_02980 PSH97_19560(dsbD)
PSJY : AA098_19380 AA098_24605
PSA : PST_2708(dsbD-2) PST_3271 PST_3384
PSZ : PSTAB_2510(dipZ) PSTAB_2692(dsbD) PSTAB_3317(dipZ)
PSR : PSTAA_3434(dipZ-1) PSTAA_3525(dipZ-2)
PSC : A458_04325(dipZ) A458_14220
PSJ : PSJM300_04265(dipZ) PSJM300_09145 PSJM300_10700(dipZ)
PSH : Psest_1022 Psest_1603
PSTU : UIB01_07490 UIB01_09625 UIB01_16865
PSED : DM292_02265 DM292_05210
PCHL : LLJ08_04225 LLJ08_07130(dsbD)
PBM : CL52_04700 CL52_06440
PKG : LW136_04890 LW136_15215(dsbD) LW136_22555
SDEG : GOM96_04210(dsbD) GOM96_06850(dsbD)
PZD : KQ248_10025 KQ248_21950(dsbD)
HPEG : EAO82_07385(dsbD) EAO82_17320(dsbD)
PDEN : F1C79_10615(dsbD) F1C79_20490
PNN : KEM63_04040(dsbD) KEM63_12375(dsbD)
PBAU : OS670_02100(dsbD) OS670_08145
MSQ : BKP64_03900 BKP64_17725
MSHE : MAALD49_17050(dsbD)
PSYC : DABAL43B_0310(dipZ3)
PSYA : AOT82_1501 AOT82_520
ATT : AMQ28_07535 AMQ28_08545
AHL : AHTJS_00620 AHTJS_15420
ALW : FOB21_10505(dsbD) FOB21_15670(dsbD)
ATG : J4G44_02015(dsbD) J4G44_08655(dsbD)
AGYL : FPL18_07680(dsbD) FPL18_15695(dsbD)
APRL : PY247_17380(dsbD) PY247_19970(dsbD)
MCAT : MC25239_00559(dsbD)
MCUN : NCTC10297_01102(dsbD)
SCAA : TUM17387_33190(dsbD)
COM : CMT41_03510 CMT41_11475
PSEN : PNC201_15765(dsbD1)
SALH : HMF8227_02844(dsbD)
CBS : COXBURSA331_A1913(dsbD)
ALG : AQULUS_03600(dsbD_1)
ASIP : AQUSIP_03590(dsbD_1)
LLG : 44548918_00726(dsbD_1)
LJR : NCTC11533_00835(dsbD_1)
LCJ : NCTC11976_01367(lidC)
LWA : SAMEA4504053_1005(dsbD)
LSS : NCTC12082_02912(dsbD_2)
LANT : TUM19329_28140(dsbD_2)
MMT : Metme_0174 Metme_1740
MPAD : KEF85_06765 KEF85_12505(dsbD)
MEIN : methR_P0170 methR_P1326
MISZ : MishRS11D_09680(dsbD)
TIB : THMIRHAM_17730(dsbD)
TSE : THMIRHAS_20400(dsbD)
TZO : THMIRHAT_06150(dsbD)
TUN : J9260_05155(dsbD) J9260_17390(dsbD)
TLO : J9253_02750(dsbD) J9253_08260(dsbD)
TSB : HMY34_01235(dsbD) HMY34_08295(dsbD) HMY34_15075(dsbD)
TANI : J8380_05995(dsbD) J8380_15970(dsbD)
TWN : L2Y54_12230(dsbD) L2Y54_19890(dsbD)
TLC : RCF98_01740(dsbD) RCF98_03035(dsbD)
TDU : QJT80_03935(dsbD) QJT80_04320(dsbD)
TLR : Thiosp_01176(dsbD_2)
TFRI : Thiofri_03598(dsbD_2)
TWG : Thiowin_01631(dsbD_2)
TNI : TVNIR_0477(dsbD_[H])
GAI : IMCC3135_06505(dsbD)
HHU : AR456_03530 AR456_11890
HPIS : P1P91_04020(dsbD) P1P91_08985(dsbD)
HPIZ : GYM47_02080(dsbD) GYM47_09260(dsbD)
PAUR : FGL86_03690(dsbD) FGL86_15380(dsbD)
SAJS : QO259_05815(dsbD) QO259_17570(dsbD) QO259_17790(dsbD)
ALCA : ASALC70_03287(dsbD_1)
APAC : S7S_05435 S7S_13920
MMW : Mmwyl1_2329 Mmwyl1_2980
MME : Marme_2935 Marme_3086
MPRI : MP3633_1249 MP3633_2086(dsbD)
MPON : MACH16_16960(dsbD_1) MACH16_21310(dsbD_2)
BMAR : HF888_05745(dsbD) HF888_12795(dsbD)
AEL : NCTC12917_03599(dsbD_2)
CHJ : NCTC10426_01442(dsbD)
ACII : C4901_00550 C4901_00835
ATY : A9R16_000480(dsbD) A9R16_000715(dsbD)
CDIZ : CEDIAZO_00156(dsbD)
NMX : NMA510612_1935(dipZ)
NWE : SAMEA3174300_0101(dipZ_1)
NZO : SAMEA4504057_0978(dipZ)
NCI : NCTC10296_01032(dipZ)
NCZ : NCTC10294_00996(dipZ)
NANI : NCTC12227_00319(dipZ_1)
ECOR : SAMEA4412678_1897(dsbD)
CVC : BKX93_02325 BKX93_06075
CHRO : CXB49_06140 CXB49_10245
CHRI : DK842_19080 DK842_22410
CHRB : DK843_02010 DK843_05185
CRZ : D1345_00285(dsbD) D1345_07375(dsbD)
CHAE : CH06BL_00550(dsbD2) CH06BL_16190(dsbD)
IFL : C1H71_02050 C1H71_05030
RME : Rmet_2394(dsbD) Rmet_3288(dsbD)
CCAM : M5D45_15575(dsbD) M5D45_24755(dsbD)
BPM : BURPS1710b_3747(dsbD)
BVI : Bcep1808_0359 Bcep1808_7178
BMJ : BMULJ_02976(dsbD) BMULJ_06282(dsbD)
BAEN : L3V59_01590(dsbD) L3V59_37245(dsbD) L3V59_42545(dsbD)
BUE : BRPE67_ACDS24980(dsbD)
BGE : BC1002_2868 BC1002_7189
PSPU : NA29_01580 NA29_02630
PAPI : SG18_06285 SG18_07145
PVE : UC34_21940 UC34_22830
POX : MB84_01865 MB84_02765
PFG : AB870_08770 AB870_09715
PAND : DRB87_20315 DRB87_21265
PFIB : PI93_005200(dsbD) PI93_006070(dsbD)
PCOM : NTU39_24125(dsbD) NTU39_24965(dsbD)
PLG : NCTC10937_00848(dipZ)
TVL : FAZ95_20045(dsbD) FAZ95_32155(dsbD)
BTRM : SAMEA390648701292(dsbD_1) SAMEA390648703131(dsbD_2)
AXY : AXYL_03151 AXYL_06417(dsbD)
AXX : ERS451415_06104(dsbD_2)
APES : FOC84_13400(dsbD) FOC84_29635(dsbD)
PUS : CKA81_04475 CKA81_08815 CKA81_14740
BOZ : DBV39_09985 DBV39_14020
CRJ : QMY55_22555(dsbD) QMY55_22765(dsbD)
IDC : LRM40_00865(dsbD) LRM40_15340(dsbD)
MMS : mma_3064(dsbD1) mma_3380(dsbD2)
JAB : VN23_02365 VN23_13695 VN23_14770
MASS : CR152_04450 CR152_22255
MANC : IV454_10520(dsbD) IV454_25725(dsbD)
MENY : LSQ66_00010(dsbD) LSQ66_21065(dsbD) LSQ66_23845(dsbD)
DUG : HH213_12640(dsbD) HH213_13335(dsbD)
DZO : SR858_24210(dsbD) SR858_24800(dsbD)
TMJ : P0M04_07010(dsbD) P0M04_08650(dsbD)
UND : UNDKW_0490(dsbD) UNDKW_3308(dsbD)
SPLB : SFPGR_01540(dsbD_1) SFPGR_16470(dsbD_2)
FPHO : SHINM1_021300(dsbD)
ALEG : CFBP4996_11135(dsbD)
RFV : RFYW14_01902 RFYW14_04235
MEA : Mex_1p1200 Mex_1p2580
MMES : MMSR116_14280(dsbD)
BDM : EQG53_01180(dsbD) EQG53_11585(dsbD)
BVY : NCTC9239_01634(dsbD_1)
PALP : JHW40_02810(dsbD) JHW40_08195(dsbD)
PVER : E3U25_00435(dsbD) E3U25_13120(dsbD)
SECH : B18_11635 B18_24465
ACIY : MQE22_04055(dsbD) MQE22_13040(dsbD)
SPAL : FM071_04090(dsbD) FM071_09400
SSEI : FJR45_07410(dsbD) FJR45_11665
SULR : B649_02015 B649_04250
CJV : MTVDSCj20_0623(dsbD)
CFV : CFVI03293_1041(dsbD)
CAMP : CFT03427_1066(dsbD)
CCOC : CCON33237_1274(dsbD)
CLR : UPTC16701_0873(dsbD)
CLM : UPTC16712_0903(dsbD)
CAMR : CAQ16704_0891(dsbD)
CHV : CHELV3228_1585(dsbD)
CPIN : CPIN18020_0040(dsbD)
CAMZ : CVIC12175_0796(dsbD)
DML : Dmul_09950 Dmul_32980
DTI : Desti_2078 Desti_3285
PARH : I5S86_20615(dsbD) I5S86_25725
KST : KSMBR1_2584(dsbD_ccdA) KSMBR1_3923(dsbD_CcdA)
MSIL : METEAL_00770(dsbD_1) METEAL_13100 METEAL_13430(dsbD_3) METEAL_36910
MSEA : METESE_01030(dsbD_1) METESE_14030 METESE_31400
PROC : Ptc2401_00856(dsbD_1)
» show all
Taxonomy
Reference
Authors
Missiakas D, Schwager F, Raina S
Title
Identification and characterization of a new disulfide isomerase-like protein (DsbD) in Escherichia coli.
Journal
Sequence
Reference
Authors
Gordon EH, Page MD, Willis AC, Ferguson SJ
Title
Escherichia coli DipZ: anatomy of a transmembrane protein disulphide reductase in which three pairs of cysteine residues, one in each of three domains, contribute differentially to function.
Journal
Sequence
Reference
Authors
Katzen F, Beckwith J
Title
Transmembrane electron transfer by the membrane protein DsbD occurs via a disulfide bond cascade.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Goulding CW, Sawaya MR, Parseghian A, Lim V, Eisenberg D, Missiakas D
Title
Thiol-disulfide exchange in an immunoglobulin-like fold: structure of the N-terminal domain of DsbD.
Journal
Sequence
Reference
Authors
Katzen F, Beckwith J
Title
Role and location of the unusual redox-active cysteines in the hydrophobic domain of the transmembrane electron transporter DsbD.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Rozhkova A, Glockshuber R
Title
Thermodynamic aspects of DsbD-mediated electron transport.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Si MR, Zhang L, Yang ZF, Xu YX, Liu YB, Jiang CY, Wang Y, Shen XH, Liu SJ.
Title
NrdH Redoxin enhances resistance to multiple oxidative stresses by acting as a peroxidase cofactor in Corynebacterium glutamicum.
Journal
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 1.8.4.16
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.8.4.16