KEGG   ENZYME: 3.6.5.1
Entry
EC 3.6.5.1                  Enzyme                                 
Name
heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase
Class
Hydrolases;
Acting on acid anhydrides;
Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement
Sysname
GTP phosphohydrolase (signalling)
Reaction(IUBMB)
GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate [RN:R00335]
Reaction(KEGG)
R00335
Substrate
GTP [CPD:C00044];
H2O [CPD:C00001]
Product
GDP [CPD:C00035];
phosphate [CPD:C00009]
Comment
This group comprises GTP-hydrolysing systems, where GTP and GDP alternate in binding. This group includes stimulatory and inhibitory G-proteins such as Gs, Gi, Go and Golf, targetting adenylate cyclase and/or K+ and Ca2+ channels; Gq stimulating phospholipase C; transducin activating cGMP phosphodiesterase; gustducin activating cAMP phosphodiesterase. Golf is instrumental in odour perception, transducin in vision and gustducin in taste recognition. At least 16 different alpha subunits (39-52 kDa), 5 beta subunits (36 kDa) and 12 gamma subunits (6-9 kDa) are known.
History
EC 3.6.5.1 created 2000 as EC 3.6.1.46, transferred 2003 to EC 3.6.5.1
Reference
1  [PMID:7834744]
  Authors
Neer EJ.
  Title
Heterotrimeric G proteins: organizers of transmembrane signals.
  Journal
Cell 80:249-57 (1995)
DOI:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90407-7
Reference
2  [PMID:9242920]
  Authors
Sprang SR.
  Title
G protein mechanisms: insights from structural analysis.
  Journal
Annu Rev Biochem 66:639-78 (1997)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.66.1.639
Reference
3  [PMID:9188484]
  Authors
Bondarenko VA, Desai M, Dua S, Yamazaki M, Amin RH, Yousif KK, Kinumi T, Ohashi M, Komori N, Matsumoto H, Jackson KW, Hayashi F, Usukura J, Lipkin VM, Yamazaki A.
  Title
Residues within the polycationic region of cGMP phosphodiesterase gamma subunit crucial for the interaction with transducin alpha subunit. Identification by endogenous ADP-ribosylation and site-directed mutagenesis.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 272:15856-64 (1997)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.25.15856
Reference
4  [PMID:9671782]
  Authors
Ming D, Ruiz-Avila L, Margolskee RF.
  Title
Characterization and solubilization of bitter-responsive receptors that couple to gustducin.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:8933-8 (1998)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.95.15.8933
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 3.6.5.1
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 3.6.5.1
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 3.6.5.1
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 3.6.5.1

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