KEGG   ENZYME: 6.3.2.39
Entry
EC 6.3.2.39                 Enzyme                                 
Name
aerobactin synthase;
iucC (gene name)
Class
Ligases;
Forming carbon-nitrogen bonds;
Acid-D-amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases)
Sysname
N2-citryl-N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine:N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine ligase (AMP-forming)
Reaction(IUBMB)
ATP + N2-citryl-N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine + N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine = AMP + diphosphate + aerobactin [RN:R10091]
Reaction(KEGG)
R10091
Substrate
ATP [CPD:C00002];
N2-citryl-N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine [CPD:C20333];
N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine [CPD:C03955]
Product
AMP [CPD:C00020];
diphosphate [CPD:C00013];
aerobactin [CPD:C05554]
Comment
Requires Mg2+. The enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of aerobactin, a dihydroxamate siderophore. It belongs to a class of siderophore synthases known as type C nonribosomal peptide synthase-independent synthases (NIS). Type C enzymes are responsible for the formation of amide or ester bonds between a variety of substrates and a prochiral carboxyl group of a citrate molecule that is already linked to a different moiety at its other prochiral carboxyl group. The enzyme is believed to form an adenylate intermediate prior to ligation.
History
EC 6.3.2.39 created 2012, modified 2019
Pathway
ec00997  Biosynthesis of various other secondary metabolites
ec01100  Metabolic pathways
ec01110  Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
ec01120  Microbial metabolism in diverse environments
Orthology
K03895  aerobactin synthase
Genes
EOIECO111_1295(iucC)
EOJECO26_1347(iucC)
ECOOECRM13514_1292(iucC)
ECOHECRM13516_1248(iucC)
ESLO3K_23075
ESOO3O_02280
ESMO3M_22990
ECKEC55989_4643(iucC)
ENAECNA114_4699(iuvC)
ECOSEC958_3273(iucC)
ECVAPECO1_O1CoBM170(iucC)
ECMEcSMS35_3180(iucC)
ECQECED1_4903(iucC)
EUMECUMN_3373(iucC)
ECTECIAI39_3425(iucC)
EOCCE10_3448(iucC)
ECZECS88_p0011(iucC)
ECCc3625(iucC)
ELNNRG857_30238(iucC)
EABECABU_c32810(iutC)
ELCi14_3318(iucC)
ELDi02_3318(iucC)
ECOJP423_16370
ERUYOSH18_13365(iucC)
SEMSTMDT12_C38550
SESSARI_02154
SFLSF3717(iucC)
SFXS4054(iucC)
SFVSFV_3852(iucC)
SFESFxv_4050
SFNSFy_5296
SFSSFyv_5370
SFTNCTC1_04014(iucC)
SSNSSON_3603(iucC)
SBOSBO_4339(iucC)
SBCSbBS512_E4632(iucC)
ENCECL_03318(iucC)
ENLA3UG_14865
ECLGEC036_28780
ECLEECNIH2_14830
ECLNECNIH4_08325
ECLIECNIH5_13750
ECLXLI66_14270
ECLYLI62_15615
ECLZLI64_13680
EHMAB284_11225
EXFBFV63_14015
ECLAECNIH3_13805
ECLCECR091_13740
EAUDI57_04920
EKBBFV64_14420
ENOECENHK_14310
EECEcWSU1_02921(iucC)
ELGBH714_10660
ERNBFV67_13930
ECLSLI67_011580
ECHGFY206_15840
ESHC1N69_14695
EPTHWQ17_21550(iucC)
ENXNI40_014280
LNICWR52_20775
EBGFAI37_14860
ENDA4308_18995
ENZG0034_14900(iucC)
ENSHWQ15_22480(iucC)
ENKLOC22_02260(iucC)
EMORL6Y89_13940(iucC)
ENBELK40_14620
EQUOM418_14005(iucC)
EPUQVH39_14950(iucC)
ESAESA_pESA3p05549
CSZCSSP291_21028
CSJCSK29544_1p0027
CCONAFK62_20060
CDMAFK67_21000
CSIP262_p1009
CMJAFK66_020205
CUIAFK65_20170
CTUCtu_1p01060(iucC)
KPUKP1_p317(iucC)
KPOKPN2242_25271
KPRKPR_4895(iucC)
KPNKBN49_pII0066(iucC)
KMIVW41_08310
CKOCKO_00971
CNTJT31_04205
CEMLH23_13815
CENLH86_13125
CLAPNCTC11466_02783(iucC)
YREHEC60_04365(iucC)
TOEQMG90_12570(iucC)
YPEYPO0992(iucC)
YPKy3383(iucC)
YPHYPC_0800(iucC)
YPAYPA_0272
YPNYPN_3190
YPMYP_3448(iucC)
YPPYPDSF_0526
YPGYpAngola_A0192(iucC)
YPZYPZ3_0746(iucC)
YPTA1122_00015
YPDYPD4_0701(iucC)
YPXYPD8_0701(iucC)
YPWCH59_871
YPJCH55_3548
YPVBZ15_2581
YPLCH46_4153
YPSYPTB3265(iucC)
YPOBZ17_3345
YPIYpsIP31758_0712(iucC)
YPYYPK_0784
YPBYPTS_3401
YPQDJ40_3172
YPUBZ21_2545
YPRBZ20_2849
YPCBZ23_2826
YPFBZ19_2671
YSIBF17_03345
YINCH53_2435
YAKACZ76_16800
YMADA391_18845
YMOHRD69_17560(iucC)
SPESpro_0920
SRRSerAS9_0845
SRLSOD_c07760(iucC)
SRYM621_04280
SPLYQ5A_004130(iucC)
SRSSerAS12_0845
SRASerAS13_0845
SMAFD781_0885
SLQM495_03885
SFWWN53_13460
SFGAV650_09010
SRZAXX16_4216
SERMCLM71_04290
SQUE4343_11900
SFJSAMEA4384070_0952(iucC)
SOFNCTC11214_00580(iucC)
SRHZFO014_05490
SENPKHA73_04110(iucC)
FSMCCS41_02980
PWAPecwa_0949
PPARA8F97_14185
PECW5S_0840
PCACOI450_13390(iucC)
BRBEH207_14275
ETORIN69_18770
EGEEM595_p0528(iucC)
PAMPANA_0352(iucC)
PLFPANA5342_4062(iucC)
PAJPAJ_3507(iucC)
PAQPAGR_g3925
PSTWDSJ_03465
KPIEN5580_21630(iucC)
VCYIX92_17055
VCTJV59_21970
VSIMTO69_17225
VMIAL543_14500
VSHBSZ05_19025
VKABTD91_15890
VOSKNV97_12565
VTICEQ48_09240
VMTQYQ96_04690
VFIVF_A0163(iucC)
VFMVFMJ11_A0199
GHOAL542_16540
SALYE8E00_15530
SCOTHBA18_15420
SPRON7E60_14025
PAGRE2H98_15800
KAKKalk_08730
SWDSwoo_2658
PAEWKIH87_11585
AGQLQZ07_20580
MMAAFR932_14210
SPOIIMCC21906_00378
MICTFIU95_16365(iucC)
MICZGL2_22480(iucC)
MVBMJO52_16670
HTXEKK97_08785
KUSB9G99_09245
KMAB9H00_05605
KUYFY550_02645
PAURFGL86_03610
SAJSQO259_04310
EEINX720_08180
ENGO2T12_00710
KKOKkor_2041
KGETQ33_0708
CHROCXB49_00470
OURCEQ07_01970
MESPC1M53_02780
KMNHW532_05385
OANOant_3255
OAHDR92_3234
OCRHGK82_18835
OCLGTN27_19030
BVVBHK69_19670
LNEFZC33_08120
METM446_5060
METSDK389_06840
PPHRAPZ00_04750
CONTQ29_06765
THAACFI11_19970
PFISJHX87_10350
POZI0K15_07655
GBEGbCGDNIH1_2376
GBHGbCGDNIH2_2376
GBCGbCGDNIH3_2376
GBSGbCGDNIH4_2376
CCROCMC5_023420(iucA)
BBABd1574(iucC)
BBATBdt_1567(iucC)
BBACEP01_04090
BDZDOM22_13140
BDKHW988_12140
BMXBMS_0526(iucC)
BSTOC0V70_12475
PSTISOO65_15525
 » show all
Reference
1  [PMID:4313071]
  Authors
Gibson F, Magrath DI.
  Title
The isolation and characterization of a hydroxamic acid (aerobactin) formed by Aerobacter aerogenes 62-I.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 192:175-84 (1969)
DOI:10.1016/0304-4165(69)90353-5
Reference
2
  Authors
Maurer, P.J. and Miller, M.
  Title
Microbial iron chelators: total synthesis of aerobactin and its constituent amino acid, N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxylysine.
  Journal
J Am Chem Soc 104:3096-3101 (1982)
Reference
3
  Authors
Appanna, D.L., Grundy, B.J., Szczepan, E.W. and Viswanatha, T.
  Title
Aerobactin synthesis in a cell-free system of Aerobacter aerogenes 62-1.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 801:437-443 (1984)
Reference
4  [PMID:2935523]
  Authors
de Lorenzo V, Bindereif A, Paw BH, Neilands JB
  Title
Aerobactin biosynthesis and transport genes of plasmid ColV-K30 in Escherichia coli K-12.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 165:570-8 (1986)
DOI:10.1128/JB.165.2.570-578.1986
  Sequence
Reference
5  [PMID:3087960]
  Authors
de Lorenzo V, Neilands JB
  Title
Characterization of iucA and iucC genes of the aerobactin system of plasmid ColV-K30 in Escherichia coli.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 167:350-5 (1986)
DOI:10.1128/JB.167.1.350-355.1986
  Sequence
Reference
6  [PMID:15719346]
  Authors
Challis GL.
  Title
A widely distributed bacterial pathway for siderophore biosynthesis independent of nonribosomal peptide synthetases.
  Journal
Chembiochem 6:601-11 (2005)
DOI:10.1002/cbic.200400283
Reference
7  [PMID:19865642]
  Authors
Oves-Costales D, Kadi N, Challis GL
  Title
The long-overlooked enzymology of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase-independent pathway for virulence-conferring siderophore biosynthesis.
  Journal
Chem Commun (Camb) 6530-41 (2009)
DOI:10.1039/b913092f
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 6.3.2.39
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 6.3.2.39
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 6.3.2.39
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 6.3.2.39

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