KEGG   PATHWAY: map00510
Entry
map00510                    Pathway                                
Name
N-Glycan biosynthesis
Description
N-glycans or asparagine-linked glycans are major constituents of glycoproteins in eukaryotes. N-glycans are covalently attached to asparagine with the consensus sequence of Asn-X-Ser/Thr by an N-glycosidic bond, GlcNAc b1- Asn. Biosynthesis of N-glycans begins on the cytoplasmic face of the ER membrane with the transferase reaction of UDP-GlcNAc and the lipid-like precursor P-Dol (dolichol phosphate) to generate GlcNAc a1- PP-Dol. After sequential addition of monosaccharides by ALG glycosyltransferases [MD:M00055], the N-glycan precursor is attached by the OST (oligosaccharyltransferase) complex to the polypeptide chain that is being synthesized and translocated through the ER membrane. The protein-bound N-glycan precursor is subsequently trimmed, extended, and modified in the ER and Golgi by a complex series of reactions catalyzed by membrane-bound glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. N-glycans thus synthesized are classified into three types: high-mannose type, complex type, and hybrid type. Defects in N-glycan biosynthesis lead to a variety of human diseases known as congenital disorders of glycosylation [DS:H00118 H00119].
Class
Metabolism; Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism
Pathway map
map00510  N-Glycan biosynthesis
map00510

Module
M00055  N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:map00510]
M00072  N-glycosylation by oligosaccharyltransferase [PATH:map00510]
M00073  N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:map00510]
M00074  N-glycan biosynthesis, high-mannose type [PATH:map00510]
M00075  N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:map00510]
Other DBs
GO: 0006487
Reference
PMID:9111134
  Authors
Schutzbach JS.
  Title
The role of the lipid matrix in the biosynthesis of dolichyl-linked oligosaccharides.
  Journal
Glycoconj J 14:175-82 (1997)
DOI:10.1023/A:1018533620002
Reference
  Authors
Oriol R, Martinez-Duncker I, Chantret I, Mollicone R, Codogno P.
  Title
Common origin and evolution of glycosyltransferases using Dol-P-monosaccharides as donor substrate.
  Journal
Mol Biol Evol 19:1451-63 (2002)
DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004208
Reference
  Authors
Thiel C, Schwarz M, Peng J, Grzmil M, Hasilik M, Braulke T, Kohlschutter A, von Figura K, Lehle L, Korner C.
  Title
A new type of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG-Ii) provides new insights into the early steps of dolichol-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:22498-505 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M302850200
Reference
  Authors
Cipollo JF, Trimble RB, Chi JH, Yan Q, Dean N.
  Title
The yeast ALG11 gene specifies addition of the terminal alpha 1,2-Man to the Man5GlcNAc2-PP-dolichol N-glycosylation intermediate formed on the cytosolic side of the endoplasmic reticulum.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:21828-40 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010896200
Reference
  Authors
Frank CG, Aebi M.
  Title
ALG9 mannosyltransferase is involved in two different steps of lipid-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis.
  Journal
Glycobiology 15:1156-63 (2005)
DOI:10.1093/glycob/cwj002
Reference
  Authors
O'Reilly MK, Zhang G, Imperiali B.
  Title
In vitro evidence for the dual function of Alg2 and Alg11: essential mannosyltransferases in N-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis.
  Journal
Biochemistry 45:9593-603 (2006)
DOI:10.1021/bi060878o
Related
pathway
map00051  Fructose and mannose metabolism
map00511  Other glycan degradation
map00513  Various types of N-glycan biosynthesis
map00515  Mannose type O-glycan biosynthesis
map00520  Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
map00533  Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - keratan sulfate
map00563  Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis
map00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
KO pathway
ko00510   

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