KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:aae00010 aae01200 aae01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:aae00010 aae01200 aae01230 aae01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:aae00010 aae00020 aae01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:aae00010 aae00020 aae00620 aae00785 aae01200 aae01210 aae01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:aae00020 aae01200 aae01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:aae00020 aae01200 aae01210 aae01230 aae01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:aae00020 aae01200 aae01210 aae01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:aae00030 aae01200 aae01100 aae01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:aae00030 aae01200 aae01100 aae01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:aae00030 aae01200 aae01230 aae01100 aae01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:aae00030 aae00230 aae01200 aae01230 aae01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:aae00052 aae01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:aae00500 aae01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:aae00520 aae01250 aae01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:aae00520 aae01250 aae01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:aae00630 aae01200 aae01100 aae01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:aae00620 aae01200 aae01100 aae01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:aae00620 aae00720 aae01200 aae01100 aae01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00175 Nitrogen fixation, nitrogen => ammonia [PATH:aae00910 aae01100 aae01120]
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:aae00910 aae01100 aae01120]
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:aae00910 aae01100 aae01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:aae00920 aae01100 aae01120]
M00595 Thiosulfate oxidation by SOX complex, thiosulfate => sulfate [PATH:aae00920 aae01100 aae01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:aae00190 aae01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:aae00190 aae01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:aae00190 aae01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:aae00190 aae01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:aae00190 aae01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:aae00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:aae00190 aae01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:aae00190 aae01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:aae00190 aae01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:aae00061 aae01212 aae01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:aae00061 aae01212 aae01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:aae00061 aae00071 aae01212 aae01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:aae00071 aae01212 aae01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:aae00564 aae01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:aae00564 aae01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:aae00230 aae01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:aae00230 aae01232 aae01240 aae01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:aae00230 aae01232 aae01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:aae00230 aae00240 aae01232 aae01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:aae00240 aae01232 aae01240 aae01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:aae00240 aae01232 aae01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:aae00260 aae00680 aae01200 aae01230 aae01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:aae00260 aae01230 aae01100 aae01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:aae00260 aae00630 aae00785 aae01200 aae01100]
M00033 Ectoine biosynthesis, aspartate => ectoine [PATH:aae00260 aae01210 aae01230 aae01100 aae01120]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:aae00290 aae00770 aae01210 aae01230 aae01100 aae01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:aae00290 aae01230 aae01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:aae00290 aae01210 aae01230 aae01100 aae01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:aae00280 aae01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:aae00300 aae01230 aae01100]
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:aae00300 aae01230 aae01100 aae01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:aae00220 aae01210 aae01230 aae01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:aae00220 aae01230 aae01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:aae00330 aae01230 aae01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:aae00330 aae01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:aae00330 aae01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:aae00330 aae01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:aae00340 aae01230 aae01100 aae01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:aae00340 aae01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:aae00400 aae01230 aae01100 aae01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:aae00400 aae01230 aae01100 aae01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:aae00400 aae01230 aae01100 aae01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:aae00400 aae01230 aae01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:aae00350 aae01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH:aae00350 aae01220 aae01100 aae01120]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:aae00250 aae00650 aae01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:aae00480 aae01240 aae01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:aae00540 aae01250 aae01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:aae00540 aae01250 aae01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:aae00730 aae01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:aae00740 aae01240 aae01100 aae01110]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:aae00760 aae01240 aae01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:aae00770 aae01240 aae01100 aae01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:aae00770 aae01240 aae01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:aae00780 aae01240 aae01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:aae00780 aae01240 aae01100]
M00577 Biotin biosynthesis, BioW pathway, pimelate => pimeloyl-CoA => biotin [PATH:aae00780 aae01240 aae01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:aae00785 aae01240 aae01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:aae00790 aae00670 aae01240 aae01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:aae00790 aae01240 aae01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:aae00860 aae01240 aae01100 aae01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:aae00860 aae01240 aae01100 aae01110]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:aae00130 aae01240 aae01100 aae01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:aae00521 aae00541 aae01250 aae01100 aae01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation
M00568 Catechol ortho-cleavage, catechol => 3-oxoadipate [PATH:aae01220 aae01100 aae01120]

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00851 Carbapenem resistance [PATH:aae01501]
M00639 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexCD-OprJ
M00643 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexXY-OprM
M00698 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump BpeEF-OprC

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation