KEGG Modules
Pathway modules
Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH: cbr00010 cbr01200 cbr01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH: cbr00010 cbr01200 cbr01230 cbr01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH: cbr00010 cbr00020 cbr01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH: cbr00010 cbr00020 cbr00620 cbr00785 cbr01200 cbr01210 cbr01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH: cbr00020 cbr01200 cbr01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH: cbr00020 cbr01200 cbr01210 cbr01230 cbr01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH: cbr00020 cbr01200 cbr01210 cbr01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH: cbr00030 cbr01200 cbr01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH: cbr00030 cbr01200 cbr01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH: cbr00030 cbr01200 cbr01230 cbr01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH: cbr00030 cbr00230 cbr01200 cbr01230 cbr01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH: cbr00030 cbr01200 cbr01100]
Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH: cbr00040 cbr01100]
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH: cbr00040 cbr00030 cbr01100]
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH: cbr00040 cbr00030 cbr01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH: cbr00052 cbr01100]
M00129 Ascorbate biosynthesis, animals, glucose-1P => ascorbate [PATH: cbr00040 cbr00053 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH: cbr00053 cbr01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH: cbr00500 cbr01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH: cbr00500 cbr01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH: cbr00520 cbr01250 cbr01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH: cbr00520 cbr00052 cbr01250 cbr01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: cbr00520 cbr01250 cbr01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: cbr00520 cbr01250 cbr01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH: cbr00520 cbr01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH: cbr00630 cbr01200 cbr01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH: cbr00280 cbr00630 cbr00640 cbr01200 cbr01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH: cbr00562 cbr01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH: cbr00562 cbr01100]
Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
Sterol biosynthesis
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:cbr00100 cbr01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:cbr01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:cbr01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:cbr01100]
Lipid metabolism
Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH: cbr00400 cbr01230 cbr01100]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH: cbr00400 cbr01230 cbr01100]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH: cbr00400 cbr01230 cbr01100]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH: cbr00400 cbr01230 cbr01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH: cbr00350 cbr01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH: cbr00350 cbr01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH: cbr00350 cbr01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH: cbr00380 cbr01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH: cbr00380 cbr01100]
Other amino acid metabolism
Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH: cbr00730 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH: cbr00730 cbr01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH: cbr00740 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH: cbr00750 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH: cbr00760 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH: cbr00770 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH: cbr00770 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH: cbr00780 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH: cbr00780 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH: cbr00785 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH: cbr00785 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH: cbr00785 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH: cbr00790 cbr00670 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH: cbr00790 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH: cbr00790 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH: cbr00670 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH: cbr00670 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH: cbr00860 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH: cbr00860 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00926 Heme biosynthesis, bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA => coproporphyrin III => heme [PATH: cbr00860 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH: cbr00860 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH: cbr00860 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH: cbr00130 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH: cbr00130 cbr01240 cbr01100]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH: cbr00130 cbr01240 cbr01100]
Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation
M00551 Benzoate degradation, benzoate => catechol / methylbenzoate => methylcatechol [PATH:cbr01100]
M00568 Catechol ortho-cleavage, catechol => 3-oxoadipate [PATH:cbr01100]
Signature modules
Gene set
Pathogenicity
M00857 Salmonella enterica pathogenicity signature, Vi antigen
Drug resistance
M00696 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AcrEF-TolC
M00697 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MdtEF-TolC
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation
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