KEGG Modules
Pathway modules
Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH: csa00010 csa01200 csa01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH: csa00010 csa01200 csa01230 csa01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH: csa00010 csa00020 csa01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH: csa00010 csa00020 csa00620 csa00785 csa01200 csa01210 csa01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH: csa00020 csa01200 csa01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH: csa00020 csa01200 csa01210 csa01230 csa01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH: csa00020 csa01200 csa01210 csa01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH: csa00030 csa01200 csa01100 csa01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH: csa00030 csa01200 csa01100 csa01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH: csa00030 csa01200 csa01230 csa01100 csa01120]
M00580 Pentose phosphate pathway, archaea, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH: csa00030 csa01200 csa01230 csa01100 csa01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH: csa00030 csa00230 csa01200 csa01230 csa01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH: csa00030 csa01200 csa01100 csa01120]
Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH: csa00040 csa01100]
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH: csa00040 csa00030 csa01100]
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH: csa00040 csa01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH: csa00052 csa01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH: csa00052 csa01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH: csa00051 csa00053 csa01240 csa01100 csa01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH: csa00500 csa01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH: csa00500 csa01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH: csa00520 csa01250 csa01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH: csa00520 csa00052 csa01250 csa01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: csa00520 csa01250 csa01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: csa00520 csa01250 csa01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH: csa00630 csa01200 csa01100 csa01110]
M00532 Photorespiration [PATH: csa00630 csa01200 csa01100 csa01110]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH: csa00280 csa00630 csa00640 csa01200 csa01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH: csa00562 csa01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH: csa00562 csa01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH: csa00562 csa01100]
Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00145 NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, chloroplasts and cyanobacteria [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH: csa00190 csa01100]
Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH: csa01100]
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH: csa01100 csa01110]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH: csa01100]
M00104 Bile acid biosynthesis, cholesterol => cholate/chenodeoxycholate [PATH: csa01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH: csa01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH: csa01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH: csa01100]
M00108 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => corticosterone/aldosterone [PATH: csa01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH: csa01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH: csa01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH: csa01100]
M00977 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis (androgen backdoor pathway), pregnenolone => androsterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH: csa01100]
Lipid metabolism
Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH: csa00400 csa01230 csa01100 csa01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH: csa00400 csa01230 csa01100 csa01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH: csa00400 csa01230 csa01100 csa01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH: csa00400 csa01230 csa01100 csa01110]
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH: csa00350 csa01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH: csa00350 csa01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH: csa00350 csa01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH: csa00380 csa01100]
M00936 Melatonin biosynthesis, plants, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH: csa00380 csa01100 csa01110]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH: csa00380 csa01100]
Other amino acid metabolism
Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH: csa01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH: csa01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH: csa01100]
M00056 O-glycan biosynthesis, mucin type core [PATH: csa01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH: csa01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH: csa01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH: csa01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH: csa01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH: csa01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH: csa01100]
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00897 Thiamine biosynthesis, plants, AIR (+ NAD+) => TMP/thiamine/TPP [PATH:csa00730 csa01240 csa01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:csa00730 csa01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:csa00740 csa01240 csa01100 csa01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:csa00750 csa01240 csa01100]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:csa00750 csa01240 csa01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:csa00760 csa01240 csa01100]
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:csa00380 csa00760 csa01240 csa01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:csa00770 csa01240 csa01100 csa01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:csa00770 csa01240 csa01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:csa00780 csa01240 csa01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:csa00785 csa01240 csa01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:csa00785 csa01240 csa01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:csa00785 csa01240 csa01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:csa00790 csa00670 csa01240 csa01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:csa00790 csa01240 csa01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:csa00790 csa01240 csa01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:csa00670 csa01240 csa01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:csa00860 csa01240 csa01100 csa01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:csa00860 csa01240 csa01100 csa01110]
M00926 Heme biosynthesis, bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA => coproporphyrin III => heme [PATH:csa00860 csa01240 csa01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:csa00860 csa01240 csa01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:csa00130 csa01240 csa01100 csa01110]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:csa00130 csa01240 csa01100]
M00930 Menaquinone biosynthesis, futalosine pathway [PATH:csa00130 csa01240 csa01100]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH:csa00130 csa01240 csa01100 csa01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:csa00130 csa01240 csa01100 csa01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH:csa00130 csa01240 csa01100 csa01110]
Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Signature modules
Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
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