KEGG Modules
Pathway modules
Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH: ecr00010 ecr01200 ecr01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH: ecr00010 ecr01200 ecr01230 ecr01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH: ecr00010 ecr00020 ecr01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH: ecr00010 ecr00020 ecr00620 ecr00785 ecr01200 ecr01210 ecr01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH: ecr00020 ecr01200 ecr01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH: ecr00020 ecr01200 ecr01210 ecr01230 ecr01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH: ecr00020 ecr01200 ecr01210 ecr01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH: ecr00030 ecr01200 ecr01100 ecr01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH: ecr00030 ecr01200 ecr01100 ecr01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH: ecr00030 ecr01200 ecr01230 ecr01100 ecr01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH: ecr00030 ecr00230 ecr01200 ecr01230 ecr01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH: ecr00030 ecr01200 ecr01100 ecr01120]
Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:ecr00040 ecr00030 ecr01100]
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:ecr00040 ecr00030 ecr01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:ecr00052 ecr01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:ecr00052 ecr01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:ecr00053 ecr01100 ecr01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:ecr00500 ecr01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:ecr00500 ecr01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:ecr00520 ecr01250 ecr01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:ecr00520 ecr00052 ecr01250 ecr01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:ecr00520 ecr01250 ecr01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:ecr00520 ecr01250 ecr01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:ecr00520 ecr01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:ecr00630 ecr01200 ecr01100 ecr01110]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:ecr00280 ecr00630 ecr00640 ecr01200 ecr01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:ecr00562 ecr01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:ecr00562 ecr01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:ecr00562 ecr01100]
Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH: ecr01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH: ecr01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH: ecr01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH: ecr01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH: ecr01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH: ecr01100]
Lipid metabolism
Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH: ecr00400 ecr01230 ecr01100 ecr01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH: ecr00400 ecr01230 ecr01100 ecr01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH: ecr00400 ecr01230 ecr01100 ecr01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH: ecr00400 ecr01230 ecr01100]
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH: ecr00350 ecr01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH: ecr00350 ecr01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH: ecr00350 ecr01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH: ecr00350 ecr01220 ecr01100 ecr01120]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH: ecr00380 ecr01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH: ecr00380 ecr01100]
Other amino acid metabolism
Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:ecr01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:ecr01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:ecr01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:ecr01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:ecr01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:ecr01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:ecr01100]
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH: ecr00730 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH: ecr00730 ecr01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH: ecr00740 ecr01240 ecr01100 ecr01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH: ecr00750 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH: ecr00760 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH: ecr00380 ecr00760 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH: ecr00770 ecr01240 ecr01100 ecr01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH: ecr00770 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH: ecr00780 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH: ecr00780 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH: ecr00785 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH: ecr00790 ecr00670 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH: ecr00790 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH: ecr00790 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH: ecr00670 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH: ecr00860 ecr01240 ecr01100 ecr01110]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH: ecr00860 ecr01240 ecr01100 ecr01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH: ecr00860 ecr01240 ecr01100 ecr01110]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH: ecr00130 ecr01240 ecr01100 ecr01110]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH: ecr00130 ecr01240 ecr01100]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH: ecr00130 ecr01240 ecr01100 ecr01110]
Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Signature modules
Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00696 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AcrEF-TolC
M00697 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MdtEF-TolC
M00746 Multidrug resistance, repression of porin OmpF
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation
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