KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:lang00010 lang01200 lang01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:lang00010 lang01200 lang01230 lang01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:lang00010 lang00020 lang01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:lang00010 lang00020 lang00620 lang00785 lang01200 lang01210 lang01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:lang00020 lang01200 lang01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:lang00020 lang01200 lang01210 lang01230 lang01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:lang00020 lang01200 lang01210 lang01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:lang00030 lang01200 lang01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:lang00030 lang01200 lang01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:lang00030 lang01200 lang01230 lang01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:lang00030 lang00230 lang01200 lang01230 lang01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:lang00040 lang01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH:lang00051 lang00053 lang01240 lang01100 lang01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:lang00500 lang01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:lang00520 lang01250 lang01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:lang00520 lang01250 lang01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:lang00630 lang01200 lang01100 lang01110]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:lang00562 lang01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:lang00620 lang00710 lang01200 lang01100]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:lang00620 lang00710 lang01200 lang01100]
M00172 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NADP - malic enzyme type [PATH:lang00620 lang00710 lang01200 lang01100]
M00171 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NAD - malic enzyme type [PATH:lang00710 lang01200 lang01100]
M00170 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type [PATH:lang00710 lang01200 lang01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:lang00910 lang01100]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:lang00920 lang01100]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:lang00190 lang01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:lang00190 lang01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:lang00061 lang01212 lang01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:lang00061 lang01212 lang01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:lang00062 lang01040 lang01212 lang01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:lang00061 lang00071 lang01212 lang01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:lang00071 lang01212 lang01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH:lang00100 lang01100 lang01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:lang00561 lang01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:lang00561 lang01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:lang00564 lang01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:lang00600 lang01100]
M00113 Jasmonic acid biosynthesis [PATH:lang00592 lang01100 lang01110]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:lang00230 lang01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:lang00230 lang01232 lang01240 lang01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:lang00230 lang01232 lang01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:lang00230 lang00240 lang01232 lang01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:lang00240 lang01232 lang01240 lang01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:lang00240 lang01232 lang01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:lang00240 lang00410 lang00770 lang01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:lang00260 lang01200 lang01230 lang01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:lang00260 lang01230 lang01100 lang01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:lang00260 lang00630 lang00785 lang01200 lang01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:lang00260 lang01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:lang00270 lang00920 lang01200 lang01230 lang01100 lang01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:lang00270 lang01100]
M00368 Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:lang00270 lang01100 lang01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:lang00290 lang00770 lang01210 lang01230 lang01100 lang01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:lang00290 lang01230 lang01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:lang00290 lang01210 lang01230 lang01100 lang01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:lang00280 lang01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:lang00300 lang01230 lang01100 lang01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:lang00220 lang01210 lang01230 lang01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:lang00220 lang01230 lang01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:lang00330 lang01230 lang01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:lang00330 lang01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:lang00330 lang01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:lang00330 lang01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:lang00340 lang01230 lang01100 lang01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:lang00400 lang01230 lang01100 lang01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:lang00400 lang01230 lang01100 lang01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH:lang00400 lang01230 lang01100 lang01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:lang00400 lang01230 lang01100 lang01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:lang00350 lang01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:lang00250 lang00650 lang01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:lang00480 lang01240 lang01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:lang00510 lang01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:lang00510 lang01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00897 Thiamine biosynthesis, plants, AIR (+ NAD+) => TMP/thiamine/TPP [PATH:lang00730 lang01240 lang01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:lang00730 lang01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:lang00740 lang01240 lang01100 lang01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:lang00750 lang01240 lang01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:lang00760 lang01240 lang01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:lang00770 lang01240 lang01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:lang00780 lang01240 lang01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:lang00785 lang01240 lang01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:lang00785 lang01240 lang01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:lang00790 lang00670 lang01240 lang01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:lang00790 lang01240 lang01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:lang00860 lang01240 lang01100 lang01110]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH:lang00130 lang01240 lang01100 lang01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:lang00130 lang01240 lang01100 lang01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH:lang00130 lang01240 lang01100 lang01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:lang00900 lang01100 lang01110]
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:lang00900 lang01100 lang01110]
M00366 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, plants [PATH:lang00900 lang01100 lang01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
M00097 beta-Carotene biosynthesis, GGAP => beta-carotene [PATH:lang00906 lang01100 lang01110]
M00372 Abscisic acid biosynthesis, beta-carotene => abscisic acid [PATH:lang00906 lang01100 lang01110]
M00371 Castasterone biosynthesis, campesterol => castasterone [PATH:lang00905 lang01100 lang01110]
M00927 Gibberellin A12 biosynthesis, GAPP => GA12 [PATH:lang00904 lang01100 lang01110]
M00928 Gibberellin A4/A1 biosynthesis, GA12/GA53 => GA4/GA1 [PATH:lang00904 lang01100 lang01110]

Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
M00039 Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:lang00940 lang01100 lang01110]
M00137 Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:lang00940 lang00941 lang01100 lang01110]
M00940 Flavanone biosynthesis, p-coumaroyl-CoA => liquiritigenin [PATH:lang00941 lang01100 lang01110]
M00138 Flavonoid biosynthesis, naringenin => pelargonidin [PATH:lang00941 lang01100 lang01110]
M00941 Isoflavone biosynthesis, liquiritigenin/naringenin => daidzein/genistein [PATH:lang00943 lang01100 lang01110]

Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation