KEGG Modules
Pathway modules
Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH: pha00010 pha01200 pha01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH: pha00010 pha01200 pha01230 pha01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH: pha00010 pha00020 pha01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH: pha00010 pha00020 pha00620 pha00785 pha01200 pha01210 pha01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH: pha00020 pha01200 pha01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH: pha00020 pha01200 pha01210 pha01230 pha01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH: pha00020 pha01200 pha01210 pha01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH: pha00030 pha01200 pha01100 pha01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH: pha00030 pha01200 pha01100 pha01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH: pha00030 pha01200 pha01230 pha01100 pha01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH: pha00030 pha00230 pha01200 pha01230 pha01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH: pha00030 pha01200 pha01100 pha01120]
Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH: pha00040 pha01100]
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH: pha00040 pha00030 pha01100]
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH: pha00040 pha01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH: pha00052 pha01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH: pha00051 pha01240 pha01100 pha01110]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH: pha01100 pha01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH: pha00500 pha01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH: pha00500 pha01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH: pha00520 pha01250 pha01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH: pha00520 pha00052 pha01250 pha01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: pha00520 pha01250 pha01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: pha00520 pha01250 pha01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH: pha00520 pha01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH: pha00630 pha01200 pha01100 pha01110]
M00532 Photorespiration [PATH: pha00630 pha01200 pha01100 pha01110]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH: pha00280 pha00630 pha00640 pha01200 pha01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH: pha00562 pha01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH: pha00562 pha01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH: pha00562 pha01100]
Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH: pha01100]
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH: pha01100 pha01110]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH: pha01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH: pha01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH: pha01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH: pha01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH: pha01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH: pha01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH: pha01100]
Lipid metabolism
Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH: pha00400 pha01230 pha01100 pha01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH: pha00400 pha01230 pha01100 pha01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH: pha00400 pha01230 pha01100 pha01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH: pha00400 pha01230 pha01100 pha01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH: pha00400 pha01230 pha01100]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH: pha00400 pha01230 pha01100 pha01110]
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH: pha00350 pha01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH: pha00350 pha01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH: pha00350 pha01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH: pha00350 pha01220 pha01100 pha01120]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH: pha00380 pha01100]
M00936 Melatonin biosynthesis, plants, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH: pha00380 pha01100 pha01110]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH: pha00380 pha01100]
Other amino acid metabolism
Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH: pha01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH: pha01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH: pha01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH: pha01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH: pha01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH: pha01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH: pha01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH: pha01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH: pha01100]
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH: pha00730 pha01240 pha01100]
M00897 Thiamine biosynthesis, plants, AIR (+ NAD+) => TMP/thiamine/TPP [PATH: pha00730 pha01240 pha01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH: pha00730 pha01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH: pha00740 pha01240 pha01100 pha01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH: pha00750 pha01240 pha01100]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH: pha00750 pha01240 pha01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH: pha00760 pha01240 pha01100]
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH: pha00380 pha00760 pha01240 pha01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH: pha00770 pha01240 pha01100 pha01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH: pha00770 pha01240 pha01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH: pha00780 pha01240 pha01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH: pha00780 pha01240 pha01100]
M00577 Biotin biosynthesis, BioW pathway, pimelate => pimeloyl-CoA => biotin [PATH: pha00780 pha01240 pha01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH: pha00785 pha01240 pha01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH: pha00785 pha01240 pha01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH: pha00785 pha01240 pha01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH: pha00790 pha00670 pha01240 pha01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH: pha00790 pha01240 pha01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH: pha00790 pha01240 pha01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH: pha00670 pha01240 pha01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH: pha00670 pha01240 pha01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH: pha00860 pha01240 pha01100 pha01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH: pha00860 pha01240 pha01100 pha01110]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH: pha00860 pha01240 pha01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH: pha00130 pha01240 pha01100 pha01110]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH: pha00130 pha01240 pha01100]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH: pha00130 pha01240 pha01100 pha01110]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH: pha00130 pha01240 pha01100 pha01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH: pha00130 pha01240 pha01100 pha01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH: pha00130 pha01240 pha01100 pha01110]
Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Signature modules
Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation
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