KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:rcn00010 rcn01200 rcn01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:rcn00010 rcn01200 rcn01230 rcn01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:rcn00010 rcn00020 rcn01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:rcn00010 rcn00020 rcn00620 rcn00785 rcn01200 rcn01210 rcn01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:rcn00020 rcn01200 rcn01210 rcn01230 rcn01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:rcn00030 rcn01200 rcn01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:rcn00030 rcn01200 rcn01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:rcn00030 rcn01200 rcn01230 rcn01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:rcn00030 rcn00230 rcn01200 rcn01230 rcn01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:rcn00040 rcn01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH:rcn00051 rcn00053 rcn01240 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:rcn00500 rcn01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:rcn00520 rcn01250 rcn01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:rcn00520 rcn01250 rcn01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:rcn00630 rcn01200 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00532 Photorespiration [PATH:rcn00630 rcn01200 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:rcn00562 rcn01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00165 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) [PATH:rcn00710 rcn01200 rcn01100]
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:rcn00620 rcn00710 rcn01200 rcn01100]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:rcn00620 rcn00710 rcn01200 rcn01100]
M00172 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NADP - malic enzyme type [PATH:rcn00620 rcn00710 rcn01200 rcn01100]
M00171 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NAD - malic enzyme type [PATH:rcn00710 rcn01200 rcn01100]
M00170 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type [PATH:rcn00710 rcn01200 rcn01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:rcn00910 rcn01100]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:rcn00920 rcn01100]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:rcn00061 rcn01212 rcn01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:rcn00061 rcn01212 rcn01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:rcn00062 rcn01040 rcn01212 rcn01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:rcn00061 rcn00071 rcn01212 rcn01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:rcn00071 rcn01212 rcn01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH:rcn00100 rcn01100 rcn01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:rcn00561 rcn01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:rcn00561 rcn01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:rcn00564 rcn01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:rcn00600 rcn01100]
M00113 Jasmonic acid biosynthesis [PATH:rcn00592 rcn01100 rcn01110]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:rcn00230 rcn01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:rcn00230 rcn01232 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:rcn00230 rcn01232 rcn01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:rcn00230 rcn00240 rcn01232 rcn01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:rcn00240 rcn01232 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:rcn00240 rcn01232 rcn01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:rcn00240 rcn00410 rcn00770 rcn01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:rcn00260 rcn01200 rcn01230 rcn01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:rcn00260 rcn01230 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:rcn00260 rcn00630 rcn00785 rcn01200 rcn01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:rcn00260 rcn01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:rcn00270 rcn00920 rcn01200 rcn01230 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:rcn00270 rcn01100]
M00368 Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:rcn00270 rcn01100 rcn01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:rcn00290 rcn00770 rcn01210 rcn01230 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:rcn00290 rcn01230 rcn01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:rcn00290 rcn01210 rcn01230 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:rcn00280 rcn01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:rcn00300 rcn01230 rcn01100 rcn01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:rcn00220 rcn01210 rcn01230 rcn01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:rcn00220 rcn01230 rcn01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:rcn00330 rcn01230 rcn01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:rcn00330 rcn01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:rcn00330 rcn01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:rcn00330 rcn01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:rcn00340 rcn01230 rcn01100 rcn01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:rcn00400 rcn01230 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:rcn00400 rcn01230 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH:rcn00400 rcn01230 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:rcn00400 rcn01230 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:rcn00350 rcn01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:rcn00250 rcn00650 rcn01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:rcn00480 rcn01240 rcn01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:rcn00510 rcn01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:rcn00510 rcn01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00897 Thiamine biosynthesis, plants, AIR (+ NAD+) => TMP/thiamine/TPP [PATH:rcn00730 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:rcn00730 rcn01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:rcn00740 rcn01240 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:rcn00750 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:rcn00760 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:rcn00770 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:rcn00780 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:rcn00785 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:rcn00785 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:rcn00790 rcn00670 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:rcn00790 rcn01240 rcn01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:rcn00860 rcn01240 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH:rcn00130 rcn01240 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:rcn00130 rcn01240 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH:rcn00130 rcn01240 rcn01100 rcn01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:rcn00900 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:rcn00900 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00366 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, plants [PATH:rcn00900 rcn01100 rcn01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
M00097 beta-Carotene biosynthesis, GGAP => beta-carotene [PATH:rcn00906 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00372 Abscisic acid biosynthesis, beta-carotene => abscisic acid [PATH:rcn00906 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00371 Castasterone biosynthesis, campesterol => castasterone [PATH:rcn00905 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00927 Gibberellin A12 biosynthesis, GAPP => GA12 [PATH:rcn00904 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00928 Gibberellin A4/A1 biosynthesis, GA12/GA53 => GA4/GA1 [PATH:rcn00904 rcn01100 rcn01110]

Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
M00039 Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:rcn00940 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00137 Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:rcn00940 rcn00941 rcn01100 rcn01110]
M00138 Flavonoid biosynthesis, naringenin => pelargonidin [PATH:rcn00941 rcn01100 rcn01110]

Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation