KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:bgu00010 bgu01200 bgu01230 bgu01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:bgu00010 bgu00020 bgu01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:bgu00010 bgu00020 bgu00620 bgu00785 bgu01200 bgu01210 bgu01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:bgu00020 bgu01200 bgu01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bgu00020 bgu01200 bgu01210 bgu01230 bgu01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:bgu00020 bgu01200 bgu01210 bgu01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:bgu00030 bgu01200 bgu01100 bgu01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:bgu00030 bgu01200 bgu01100 bgu01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:bgu00030 bgu01200 bgu01230 bgu01100 bgu01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:bgu00030 bgu00230 bgu01200 bgu01230 bgu01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:bgu00030 bgu01200 bgu01100 bgu01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:bgu00052 bgu01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:bgu00520 bgu01250 bgu01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:bgu00520 bgu01250 bgu01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:bgu00630 bgu01200 bgu01100 bgu01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:bgu00620 bgu00710 bgu01200 bgu01100 bgu01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:bgu00430 bgu00620 bgu01200 bgu01100 bgu01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:bgu00910 bgu01100 bgu01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:bgu00920 bgu01100 bgu01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:bgu00190 bgu01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:bgu00190 bgu01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:bgu00190 bgu01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:bgu00190 bgu01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:bgu00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:bgu00190 bgu01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:bgu00190 bgu01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:bgu00061 bgu01212 bgu01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:bgu00061 bgu01212 bgu01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:bgu00061 bgu00071 bgu01212 bgu01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:bgu00071 bgu01212 bgu01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:bgu00561 bgu01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:bgu00564 bgu01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:bgu00564 bgu01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:bgu00230 bgu01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:bgu00230 bgu01232 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:bgu00230 bgu01232 bgu01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:bgu00230 bgu00240 bgu01232 bgu01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:bgu00230 bgu01232 bgu01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:bgu00230 bgu01232 bgu01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:bgu00240 bgu01232 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:bgu00240 bgu01232 bgu01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:bgu00260 bgu00680 bgu01200 bgu01230 bgu01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:bgu00260 bgu01230 bgu01100 bgu01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:bgu00260 bgu00630 bgu00785 bgu01200 bgu01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:bgu00260 bgu01100]
M00975 Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:bgu00260 bgu01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bgu00290 bgu00770 bgu01210 bgu01230 bgu01100 bgu01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bgu00290 bgu01230 bgu01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:bgu00290 bgu01210 bgu01230 bgu01100 bgu01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:bgu00280 bgu01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bgu00300 bgu01230 bgu01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:bgu00220 bgu01210 bgu01230 bgu01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:bgu00220 bgu01230 bgu01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:bgu00330 bgu01230 bgu01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:bgu00330 bgu01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:bgu00330 bgu01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:bgu00340 bgu01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:bgu00400 bgu01230 bgu01100 bgu01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:bgu00400 bgu01230 bgu01100 bgu01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:bgu00400 bgu01230 bgu01100 bgu01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:bgu00400 bgu01230 bgu01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:bgu00350 bgu01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:bgu00480 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00948 Hydroxyproline degradation, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bgu00470 bgu01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:bgu00540 bgu01250 bgu01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:bgu00540 bgu01250 bgu01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:bgu00730 bgu01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:bgu00760 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:bgu00770 bgu01240 bgu01100 bgu01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:bgu00770 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:bgu00780 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:bgu00785 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:bgu00790 bgu00670 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:bgu00790 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:bgu00860 bgu01240 bgu01100 bgu01110]
M00925 Cobalamin biosynthesis, aerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => precorrin 2 => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:bgu00860 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:bgu00860 bgu01240 bgu01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:bgu00130 bgu01240 bgu01100 bgu01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:bgu00521 bgu00523 bgu00541 bgu01250 bgu01100 bgu01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation
M00637 Anthranilate degradation, anthranilate => catechol [PATH:bgu00627 bgu01100 bgu01120]
M00568 Catechol ortho-cleavage, catechol => 3-oxoadipate [PATH:bgu00362 bgu01220 bgu01100 bgu01120]

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00649 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AdeABC [PATH:bgu01501]
M00698 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump BpeEF-OprC

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation