KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:lab00010 lab01200 lab01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:lab00010 lab01200 lab01230 lab01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:lab00010 lab00020 lab01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:lab00010 lab00020 lab00620 lab00785 lab01200 lab01210 lab01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:lab00020 lab01200 lab01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:lab00020 lab01200 lab01210 lab01230 lab01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:lab00020 lab01200 lab01210 lab01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:lab00030 lab01200 lab01100 lab01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:lab00030 lab01200 lab01100 lab01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:lab00030 lab01200 lab01230 lab01100 lab01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:lab00030 lab00230 lab01200 lab01230 lab01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:lab00030 lab01200 lab01100 lab01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:lab00040 lab00030 lab01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:lab00052 lab01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:lab00520 lab01250 lab01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:lab00520 lab01250 lab01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:lab00630 lab01200 lab01100 lab01110]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:lab00280 lab00630 lab00640 lab01200 lab01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:lab00620 lab01200 lab01100 lab01120]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:lab00620 lab01200 lab01100 lab01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:lab00910 lab01100 lab01120]
M00529 Denitrification, nitrate => nitrogen [PATH:lab00910 lab01100 lab01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:lab00920 lab01100 lab01120]
M00595 Thiosulfate oxidation by SOX complex, thiosulfate => sulfate [PATH:lab00920 lab01100 lab01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:lab00190 lab01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:lab00190 lab01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:lab00190 lab01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:lab00190 lab01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:lab00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:lab00190 lab01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:lab00190 lab01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:lab00190 lab01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:lab00061 lab01212 lab01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:lab00061 lab01212 lab01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:lab00061 lab00071 lab01212 lab01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:lab00071 lab01212 lab01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:lab00564 lab01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:lab00564 lab01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:lab00230 lab01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:lab00230 lab01232 lab01240 lab01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:lab00230 lab01232 lab01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:lab00230 lab00240 lab01232 lab01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:lab00230 lab01232 lab01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:lab00230 lab01232 lab01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:lab00240 lab01232 lab01240 lab01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:lab00240 lab01232 lab01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:lab00240 lab00410 lab00770 lab01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:lab00260 lab00680 lab01200 lab01230 lab01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:lab00260 lab01230 lab01100 lab01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:lab00260 lab00630 lab00785 lab01200 lab01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:lab00260 lab01100]
M00919 Ectoine degradation, ectoine => aspartate [PATH:lab00260 lab01100 lab01120]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:lab00270 lab00920 lab01200 lab01230 lab01100 lab01110]
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:lab00260 lab00270 lab01230 lab01100]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:lab00270 lab01230 lab01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:lab00290 lab00770 lab01210 lab01230 lab01100 lab01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:lab00290 lab01230 lab01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:lab00290 lab01210 lab01230 lab01100 lab01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:lab00280 lab01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:lab00300 lab01230 lab01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:lab00220 lab01210 lab01230 lab01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:lab00220 lab01230 lab01100]
M00845 Arginine biosynthesis, glutamate => acetylcitrulline => arginine [PATH:lab00220 lab01230 lab01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:lab00330 lab01230 lab01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:lab00330 lab01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:lab00330 lab01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:lab00340 lab01230 lab01100 lab01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:lab00340 lab01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:lab00400 lab01230 lab01100 lab01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:lab00400 lab01230 lab01100 lab01110]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:lab00250 lab00650 lab01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:lab00480 lab01240 lab01100]
M00948 Hydroxyproline degradation, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:lab00470 lab01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:lab00540 lab01250 lab01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:lab00730 lab01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:lab00740 lab01240 lab01100 lab01110]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:lab00760 lab01240 lab01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:lab00770 lab01240 lab01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:lab00780 lab01240 lab01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:lab00785 lab01240 lab01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:lab00790 lab00670 lab01240 lab01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:lab00790 lab01240 lab01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:lab00670 lab01240 lab01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:lab00860 lab01240 lab01100 lab01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:lab00860 lab01240 lab01100 lab01110]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:lab00860 lab01240 lab01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:lab00860 lab01240 lab01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:lab00900 lab01100 lab01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:lab00900 lab01100 lab01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:lab00521 lab00523 lab00541 lab01250 lab01100 lab01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation
M00623 Phthalate degradation, phthalate => protocatechuate [PATH:lab01220 lab01100 lab01120]

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00627 beta-Lactam resistance, Bla system [PATH:lab01501]
M00642 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexJK-OprM

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation