KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:ppao00010 ppao01200 ppao01230 ppao01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:ppao00010 ppao00020 ppao01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:ppao00010 ppao00020 ppao00620 ppao00785 ppao01200 ppao01210 ppao01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:ppao00020 ppao01200 ppao01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:ppao00020 ppao01200 ppao01210 ppao01230 ppao01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:ppao00020 ppao01200 ppao01210 ppao01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:ppao00030 ppao01200 ppao01100 ppao01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:ppao00030 ppao01200 ppao01100 ppao01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:ppao00030 ppao01200 ppao01230 ppao01100 ppao01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:ppao00030 ppao00230 ppao01200 ppao01230 ppao01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:ppao00030 ppao01200 ppao01100 ppao01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:ppao00052 ppao01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:ppao00520 ppao01250 ppao01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:ppao00520 ppao01250 ppao01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:ppao00920 ppao01100 ppao01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:ppao00190 ppao01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:ppao00190 ppao01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:ppao00190 ppao01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:ppao00190 ppao01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:ppao00190 ppao01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:ppao00190 ppao01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:ppao00061 ppao01212 ppao01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:ppao00061 ppao01212 ppao01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:ppao00061 ppao00071 ppao01212 ppao01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:ppao00071 ppao01212 ppao01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:ppao00564 ppao01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:ppao00230 ppao01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:ppao00230 ppao01232 ppao01240 ppao01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:ppao00230 ppao01232 ppao01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:ppao00230 ppao00240 ppao01232 ppao01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:ppao00230 ppao01232 ppao01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:ppao00230 ppao01232 ppao01100]
M00546 Purine degradation, xanthine => urea [PATH:ppao00230 ppao01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:ppao00240 ppao01232 ppao01240 ppao01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:ppao00240 ppao01232 ppao01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:ppao00260 ppao00680 ppao01200 ppao01230 ppao01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:ppao00260 ppao01230 ppao01100 ppao01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:ppao00260 ppao00630 ppao00785 ppao01200 ppao01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:ppao00260 ppao01100]
M00975 Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:ppao00260 ppao01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:ppao00270 ppao00920 ppao01200 ppao01230 ppao01100 ppao01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:ppao00270 ppao01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:ppao00290 ppao00770 ppao01210 ppao01230 ppao01100 ppao01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:ppao00290 ppao01230 ppao01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:ppao00290 ppao01210 ppao01230 ppao01100 ppao01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:ppao00300 ppao01230 ppao01100]
M00957 Lysine degradation, bacteria, L-lysine => glutarate => succinate/acetyl-CoA [PATH:ppao00310 ppao01100 ppao01120]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:ppao00220 ppao01210 ppao01230 ppao01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:ppao00220 ppao01230 ppao01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:ppao00330 ppao01230 ppao01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:ppao00330 ppao01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:ppao00330 ppao01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:ppao00330 ppao01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:ppao00340 ppao01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:ppao00400 ppao01230 ppao01100 ppao01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:ppao00400 ppao01230 ppao01100 ppao01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:ppao00400 ppao01230 ppao01100 ppao01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:ppao00400 ppao01230 ppao01100 ppao01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:ppao00350 ppao01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:ppao00480 ppao01240 ppao01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:ppao00540 ppao01250 ppao01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:ppao00740 ppao01240 ppao01100 ppao01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:ppao00750 ppao01240 ppao01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:ppao00760 ppao01240 ppao01100]
M00622 Nicotinate degradation, nicotinate => fumarate [PATH:ppao00760 ppao01100 ppao01120]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:ppao00770 ppao01240 ppao01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:ppao00780 ppao01240 ppao01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:ppao00780 ppao01240 ppao01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:ppao00785 ppao01240 ppao01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:ppao00790 ppao01240 ppao01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:ppao00860 ppao01240 ppao01100 ppao01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:ppao00860 ppao01240 ppao01100 ppao01110]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:ppao00860 ppao01240 ppao01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:ppao00130 ppao01240 ppao01100 ppao01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:ppao00521 ppao00523 ppao00541 ppao01250 ppao01100 ppao01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00745 Imipenem resistance, repression of porin OprD
M00744 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, protease PgtE
M00641 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexEF-OprN
M00642 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexJK-OprM

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation